晚期非小细胞肺癌诊断及呼吸康复治疗的研究进展

Research progress of diagnosis and respiratory rehabilitation therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

目前,晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的治疗方法主要以药物为主,主要包括化学药物、靶向药物和免疫治疗。虽然大多数患者在接受治疗后病情可以在一定程度上得到控制,但晚期NSCLC患者预后不良,且在呼吸功能、生理功能和心理状况方面都有不同程度的障碍。呼吸康复旨在改善慢性呼吸系统疾病患者生理和心理状态,促进健康增益行为的长期坚持,其在临床上主要应用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、肺癌、支气管哮喘、间质性肺疾病、肺炎等呼吸系统疾病。目前,呼吸康复对COPD患者和其他非阻塞性呼吸系统疾病患者呼吸功能、运动能力、生活质量和日常活动的有益影响已得到广泛的研究,但呼吸康复在晚期NSCLC患者中的应用却鲜有报道。笔者主要对晚期NSCLC的诊断及呼吸康复治疗的研究进展进行综述。

At present,the treatment methods for advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)are mainly medication,including chemotherapy,targeted drugs and immunotherapy.Although the disease can be controlled to some extent in most patients after treatment,patients with advanced NSCLC have a poor prognosis,and have varying degrees of impairment in respiratory,physiological,and psychological functions.Respiratory rehabilitation aims to improve the physical and mental states of patients with chronic respiratory diseases and promote long-term adherence to health-gaining behaviors.It is mainly used in clinical respiratory diseases,such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),lung cancer,bronchial asthma,interstitial lung disease,pneumonia and so on.Its beneficial effects on respiratory function,exercise ability,quality of life,and daily activity have been extensively studied in patients with COPD and other non-obstructive respiratory diseases.However,there are few reports on the respiratory rehabilitation used in advanced NSCLC.This article reviews the research progress of diagnosis and respiratory rehabilitation treatment in advanced NSCLC.