新疆卡山自然保护区典型水源地植物群落特征及其与土壤因子的关系

Characteristics of Plant Communities and Correlation with Soil Factors in Mountain Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve

该研究通过样方调查法对卡拉麦里山有蹄类野生动物自然保护区(卡山自然保护区)水源地植物种类及数量进行统计,利用TWINSPAN和DCA进行植物群落数量分类和排序,并对保护区典型水源地土壤理化性质与植物群落物种多样性指数的相关关系进行CCA分析。结果表明:(1)卡山自然保护区32个典型水源地调查共记录到15科41属53种植物。(2)群落分类共分为7个群落,分别为:铃铛刺群落、沙拐枣-麻黄群落、白刺+柽柳-蛇麻黄+羽毛三芒草群落、芨芨草+白茎绢蒿群落、盐爪爪群落、白刺群落、柽柳+盐爪爪-芨芨草群落。(3)有机质、总氮对植物群落的分布影响较大。研究认为,典型水源地作为重要的功能区域,对其进行保护是维持卡山保护区生态平衡的一个重要环节。

In this study,the species and quantity of plants in the water source areas of Mountain Kalamaili Nature Reserve were counted through quadrats survey.TWINSPAN and DCA were used for quantitative classification and ordination of plant communities,the relationship between diversity index and soil physical and chemical properties of typical water source areas were analyzed by CCA.The results showed that:(1)according to the investigation of 32 typical water sources,there are 53 species belonging to 41 genera,15 families of plants was statistically obtained.(2)Community classification showed there are 7 communities,Ass.Halimodendron halodendron,Ass.Calligonum mongolicum-Ephedra distachya,Ass.Nitraria schoberi+Tamarix chinensis-Ephedra distachya+Aristida pennata,Ass.Achnatherum splendens+Seriphidium teraealbae,Ass.Kalidium foliatum,Ass.Nitraria schoberi,Ass.Tamarix chinensis+Kalidium foliatum-Achnatherum splendens.(3)It was found that organic matter and total nitrogen have great influence on the distribution of plant communities.It is considered that the typical water source area is an important functional area,it also has important link to maintain the ecological balance of Mountain Kalamaili Nature Reserve.