中国海域天然气水合物开采技术现状及建议

Current status and suggestions on development of marine gas hydrate technologies in China

海域天然气水合物是一种非常规天然气资源,以固态形式赋存于深海沉积物中,分布广、储量大,被视为未来石油与天然气的重要替代能源。美国、日本、中国等国家均对该能源出台了相应的的法律法规并开展了科研攻关。目前中国海域天然气水合物开采技术主要包括降压法、固态流化法等,这些技术各有优缺点,但均难以满足商业化开采的需求。建议中国海域天然气水合物的开采应同时开展传统开采技术与颠覆性开采技术研究,完善海域天然气水合物解释评价技术,从全生命周期角度降低成本,同时攻关深海作业关键装备与技术。

Marine gas hydrate is an unconventional natural gas resource,which is stored in deep-sea sediments in solid form.It has the characteristics of wide distribution and large reserves.It is regarded as an important alternative energy source for oil and natural gas in the future by various countries.The United States,Japan,China and other countries attach great importance to this energy,and have issued relatively laws and regulations and carried out scientific research.At present,the development technology of natural gas hydrate in China’s seas mainly includes pressure reduction method,solid fluidization method,etc.,each of these technologies There are advantages and disadvantages,but they are difficult to meet the needs of commercial mining.It is recommended that the development of natural gas hydrates in China’s seas should carry out research on traditional mining technologies and disruptive mining technologies at the same time,improve hydrate interpretation and evaluation technologies,reduce costs from the perspective of the full life cycle,and tackle key equipment and technologies for deep-sea operations.