食物、制度与规训——基于近代浙东地区孤儿院的分析

Food,Institution and Discipline:Based on the Analysis of Modern Orphanages

孤儿院肩负教与养的双重职责,在饮食层面尤其着重对孤儿的规范和训诫。一方面,孤儿院通过官方或民间的多种渠道募集粮食和其他食物,维持最基本的运转,其日常食物带有鲜明的地域特征,同时又体现了中西融合。另一方面,各孤儿院的经济水平制约着饮食水平,产生了差异化的食制。值得注意的是,孤儿院在进餐制度上会对孤儿进行有意识的训练与强化,通过对空间、时间以及饮食进程来规训孤儿的外在行为,以培养他们最终成为适应社会的人才。

The orphanage has the dual duty of teaching and raising,in the area of diet,they put special emphasis on the discipline and admonitions to the orphans.On the one h and,orphanages collect grain and other food through a variety of sources,both official and private,to maintain their basic operations.Its daily food is characterized by distinctive regional characteristics and reflects the fusion of China and the West.On the other hand,the orphanage carries out conscious control and reinforcement in space,time and the process of meals,discipline the external behavior of orphans through diet,in order to train them to become the talents to adapt to the society.