平台经济领域垄断和反垄断问题的法律思考

Legal Thinking on Monopoly and Anti-Monopoly in the Field of Platform Economy

平台经济是互联网平台发展到比较高级的阶段而形成的一种新型经济形态,我国目前的平台经济在总体上呈现出垄断与竞争并存的局面,在相关细分领域基本呈现出高度集中的市场结构,但涉及垄断行为时则需要做具体分析。平台经济具有网络效应和跨界性等不同于传统经济的特点,反垄断理论和实践需要做出及时的回应和必要的变革,我国在平台经济领域反垄断需要注意竞争与创新的平衡等问题,并予以细化性的规则指引。互联网平台“二选一”和“大数据杀熟”等热点问题有构成垄断行为的可能,因此需要纳入反垄断法的制度框架进行严谨的竞争分析与法律论证。

Platform economy is a new economic form formed by the development of Internet platforms to a relatively advanced stage.Currently,the platform economy in China presents a situation of coexistence of monopoly and competition on the whole,and a highly concentrated market structure in the relevant segments.However,specific analysis needs to be done when it comes to monopoly behaviors.The platform economy has the characteristics different from the traditional economy,such as network effect and cross-border nature.The anti-monopoly theory and practice need to make timely response and necessary reform.In the field of platform economy,China s anti-monopoly should pay attention to the balance between competition and innovation,and give detailed rule guidance.Although hot issues such as“Select One in Two”and“use big-data analysis to price products to the disadvantage of existing customers”on Internet platform may constitute monopolistic behavior,they need to be brought into the corresponding institutional framework of anti-monopoly law for rigorous competition analysis and legal demonstration.