卵巢细胞线粒体动力学变化与多囊卵巢综合征

Mitochondrial Dynamics of Ovarian Cells and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是常见的女性内分泌疾病之一。PCOS患者颗粒细胞中调节线粒体动力学平衡关键因子表达水平的异常,提示PCOS患者卵巢细胞清除功能异常,线粒体的能力降低。卵巢细胞中异常线粒体的积聚不仅会影响细胞的胰岛素敏感性及甾体激素合成能力,还会直接降低卵泡细胞维持卵子发育的能力。而卵细胞中线粒体功能异常则会对卵子的发育潜能产生直接的负面影响。PCOS患者卵巢细胞胰岛素信号通路异常可能干扰卵巢细胞及卵细胞的线粒体动力学平衡,引起功能异常线粒体在细胞内积累,进而引起细胞内线粒体功能的异常。推测PCOS患者卵巢细胞线粒体动力学平衡的异常与PCOS患者生殖功能异常之间存在密切联系,并可能是PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗与卵巢功能异常的关键节点,但针对这一机制开发的临床治疗方案还有待进一步的深入研究。

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is one of the endocrine diseases in women.The aberrant expression of key factors regulating mitochondrial dynamic balance found in granulosa cells of PCOS patients suggested reduced ability of ovarian cells to clear mitochondria with abnormal function.The accumulation of abnormal mitochondria in ovarian cells not only affect the insulin sensitivity and steroid hormone synthesis ability of cells,but also directly reduce the ability of follicle cells to support oocyte development.The abnormal insulin signaling pathway within ovarian cells of PCOS patients may cause abnormal mitochondrial accumulation in cells by interfering the mitochondrial dynamic of ovarian cells and oocytes.We speculated the abnormal mitochondrial dynamic of ovarian cells might relate to the abnormal reproductive function in PCOS patients and that may be the key node between insulin resistance and the abnormal ovarian function in PCOS patients,however,the development of clinical treatment based on this mechanism still need further research.