PD-L1、B7-H3及B7-H4在宫颈癌免疫治疗中的研究进展

Research Progress of PD-L1,B7-H3 and B7-H4 in Immunotherapy of Cervical Cancer

宫颈癌是我国常见的妇科恶性肿瘤,其发生和发展常与免疫逃逸有关,免疫治疗已经成为目前宫颈癌治疗的研究热点。随着免疫检查点程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)及程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)的抑制剂在多种恶性肿瘤中的成功应用,以PD-L1为代表的共刺激因子与宫颈癌的研究愈发受到关注,其中负性共刺激因子与宫颈癌免疫抑制密切相关。PD-L1即B7-H1,与B7-H3和B7-H4都属于常见的负性共刺激因子,其通过抑制免疫反应,使癌细胞发生免疫逃逸。许多研究显示PD-L1、B7-H3和B7-H4在宫颈癌中异常高表达,抑制了对宫颈癌细胞的免疫应答,在宫颈癌的发生发展、侵袭转移和预后等方面具有相应的临床意义。对负性共刺激因子PD-L1、B7-H3和B7-H4的生物学功能以及在宫颈癌中的表达和应用进展进行综述,以期为宫颈癌的免疫靶向治疗提供新思路。

Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancies in China.Its occurrence and development are often related to immune escape.Immunotherapy has become a research hotspot in the treatment of cervical cancer.With the successful application of immune checkpoint programmed death 1 ligand(PD-L1)and programmed death 1(PD-1)inhibitors in a variety of malignant tumors,the study of costimulatory factors represented by PD-L1 and cervical cancer has attracted more and more attention,among which negative costimulatory factors are closely related to the immunosuppression of cervical cancer.PD-L1,namely B7-H1,is a common negative costimulatory factor along with B7-H3 and B7-H4,which causes immune escape of cancer cells by inhibiting the immune response.Many studies have shown that PD-L1,B7-H3 and B7-H4 are abnormally high expressed in cervical cancer,which inhibits the immune response to cervical cancer cells,and has corresponding clinical significance in the development,invasion,metastasis and prognosis of cervical cancer.This paper reviewed the biological functions of negative costimulatory factors PD-L1,B7-H3 and B7-H4,as well as their expression and application in cervical cancer,in order to provide a new idea for the immunotargeted therapy of cervical cancer.