高速公路隧道群交通安全改善理论及方法研究框架

Research Framework of Traffic Safety Improvement Theory and Method for Expressway Tunnel Group

从事故分布规律、安全影响因素、事故防治措施和安全评价方法四个方面综述了公路隧道群交通安全相关研究,并归纳了现有研究存在的问题及发展趋势.结果表明:公路隧道群交通事故主要是由不良光环境诱发驾驶人不良驾驶行为导致的,如车距保持不当、超速、误判线形等;隧道现有改善措施如隧道照明、遮光设施实际应用普及度不高,而护栏防护不能降低事故发生概率,安全改善效果有限,视线诱导技术具有低成本、高效率等优点.在此基础上,分析了驾驶人的视觉需求,提出了多层次高速公路隧道群视觉参照系重构思路:基于隧道群天然韵律性与驾驶人韵律性偏好,利用视线诱导设施构建隧道群韵律型视觉参照系,对隧道群各分段进行了需求分析,并提出了基于主动预防的高速公路隧道群交通安全改善方法.

The research on traffic safety of highway tunnel group was summarized from four aspects:accident distribution law,safety influencing factors,accident prevention measures and safety evaluation methods.And the existing problems and development trend of the existing research were summarized.The results show:the traffic accidents in the highway tunnel group are mainly caused by the driver’s bad driving behaviors,such as improper distance maintenance,speeding,and misjudgment of the linear shape,which are induced by the bad driving environment.Existing improvement measures of the tunnel such as tunnel lighting and shading facilities are not widely used in practice,and the guardrail protection cannot reduce the probability of accidents,so that the safety improvement effect is limited,and the visual induction technology has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency.On this basis,the driver’s visual demands were analyzed,and a multi-level highway tunnel group visual reference system reconstruction idea was proposed:based on the natural rhythm of the tunnel group and the preference of the driver’s rhythm,a tunnel group rhythmic visual reference system can be constructed through visual induction facility.The demand analysis of each section of tunnel group was carried out,and the traffic safety improvement method of highway tunnel group based on active prevention was proposed.