可调节照明设备对光照强度和蛋雏鸡啄羽影响的研究

Effect of adjustable lighting equipment on light intensity and feather pecking in laying chickens

为了研究普通照明设备和可调节照明设备的光照效果以及对蛋雏鸡生长性能的影响,试验选用1日龄京红1号父母代蛋雏鸡2160只,随机平均分为对照组和试验组,每组设3个重复,每个重复360只,对照组使用普通LED暖光灯照明,试验组使用可调节LED暖光灯照明,比较不同照明设备的光照强度及不同亮度下各笼层的光照强度,同时测定不同照明设备对两组蛋雏鸡日耗料、体重、啄羽率和死亡率的影响。结果表明:两组的光照强度差异不显著(P>0.05),但试验组各监测点光照强度的均匀度高于对照组;试验组各笼层光照强度均存在显著差异(P<0.05),表现为中层>下层>上层;两组蛋雏鸡的日耗料、体重差异不显著(P>0.05),但试验组第3周龄的啄羽鸡数量少于对照组,啄羽率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。说明饲养蛋雏鸡时使用可调节照明设备能为鸡舍提供更为均匀的光照环境,从而降低啄羽鸡比例;使用普通照明设备的鸡舍需在鸡群第2周龄适时降低舍内光照强度以避免啄羽现象的发生。

In order to study the lighting effects of common lighting equipment and adjustable lighting equipment and the effects on the growth performance of laying chickens,2160 one-day-old JingBrown 1 parents were randomly divided into control group and experimental group on average,with three replicates in each treatment group and 360 chickens in each replicate.The control group was illuminated by common LED warm light,while the experimental group was illuminated by adjustable LED warm light.The light intensity of different lighting equipment and the light intensity of each tier under different brightness were compared,and the effects of different lighting equipment on daily feed consumption,body weight,feather pecking rate and mortality of two groups were measured.The results showed that there was no significant difference in light intensity between the two groups(P>0.05).There were significant differences in light intensity between the experimental group(P<0.05),showing the law of middle tiers>lower tiers>upper tiers.There was no significant difference in daily feed consumption and body weight between the two groups(P>0.05),but the number of pecking chickens in the experimental group at 3 weeks of age was less than that in control group,and the ratio of pecking chickens in the experimental group was less than that in control group(P<0.05).The results indicated that the use of adjustable lighting equipment could provide a more uniform lighting environment in the chicken houses,thus reducing the proportion of pecking feathers.In the chicken house with common lighting equipment,the light intensity in the house should be lowered at the second week of age to avoid the occurrence of feather pecking.