不同剂量口蹄疫疫苗对种公牛精液品质的影响

Effect of different doses of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine on the semen quality of breeding bull

为了探讨注射不同剂量口蹄疫疫苗对种公牛精液品质的影响,试验选取荷斯坦、西门塔尔公牛各21头,年龄2~9岁,体重800~1 000 kg,分为2.0 mL、1.5 mL和1.0 mL三个组,每组7头,分别注射不同剂量的口蹄疫O型、A型、亚洲Ⅰ型三价灭活苗,分析免疫后180 d内鲜精剂量、精子密度、精子活力、精子畸形率等质量指标及鲜精利用率的变化。结果表明:与免疫前相比,荷斯坦公牛免疫后,1.0 mL、2.0 mL组鲜精剂量在1~60 d下降,1.5 mL组表现为升高,但各组无显著变化(P>0.05)。各组精子密度升高、精子活力下降,但变化不显著(P>0.05)。精子畸形率均升高,1.0 mL组升高不显著(P>0.05),1.5 mL、2.0 mL组分别在1~30 d和1~60 d显著升高(P<0.05)。免疫后各组鲜精利用率先下降后回升,1~30 d下降到最低,到180天时均未恢复到免疫前水平,其中1.0 mL组下降不显著(P>0.05);1.5 mL组在1~60 d下降极显著(P<0.01),61~90 d下降显著(P<0.05);2.0 mL组在1~60 d下降极显著(P<0.01),61~120 d下降显著(P<0.05)。与免疫前相比,西门塔尔公牛各组鲜精剂量均下降但无显著变化(P>0.05)。精子密度先升后降,1.0 mL组在121~150 d下降极显著(P<0.01),在151~180 d下降显著(P<0.05);1.5 mL组在1~90 d升高显著(P<0.05),在121~150 d下降显著(P<0.05);2.0 mL组在121~180 d下降极显著(P<0.01)。精子活力均呈下降趋势,1.0 mL组在61~120 d下降极显著(P<0.01),在121~180 d下降显著(P<0.05);1.5 mL组在61~150 d下降极显著(P<0.01),在151~180 d下降显著(P<0.05);2.0 mL组在31~60 d及151~180 d下降显著(P<0.05),在61~150 d下降极显著(P<0.01)。精子畸形率均升高,1.0 mL组在31~60 d显著升高(P<0.05),1.5 mL组和2.0 mL组在1~60 d显著升高(P<0.05)。鲜精利用率下降,1.0 mL组下降不显著(P>0.05),1.5 mL组和2.0 mL组分别在31~60 d和1~60 d下降极显著(P<0.01)。说明不同剂量的口蹄疫疫苗对不同品种的种公牛鲜精品质影响程度不一样,疫苗注射剂量越高对鲜精品质影响越大。

In order to explore the effect of different doses of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine on the quality of bull semen, the experiment selected 21 Holstein and Simmental bulls, aged 2-9 years old, weighing 800-1 000 kg, which was divided into 2.0 mL group, 1.5 mL group, and 1.0 mL group, with 7 bulls in each group, and were injected with different doses of trivalent inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine containing types O,A,and AsianⅠ. The changes of quality indexes such as fresh semen dose, sperm density, sperm vitality, sperm deformity rate, and utilization rates of fresh semen in 180 days after immunization were analyzed. The results showed that compared with before immunization, after Holstein cattle being immunizied, the fresh semen doses in 1.0 mL and 2.0 mL groups decreased from 1-60 d, and increased in 1.5 mL group, but there was no significant change in each group(P>0.05). Sperm density increased and sperm vitality decreased in each group, but the change was not significant(P>0.05). The sperm malformation rate increased, and the increase in the 1.0 mL group was not significant(P>0.05). The 1.5 mL and 2.0 mL groups increased significantly at 1-30 d and 1-60 d, respectively(P<0.05). After immunization, the utilization of fresh sperm in each group decreased first and then increased, and decreased to the lowest level at 1-30 d, and did not return to the pre-immunization level at 180 d. The decrease in 1.0 mL group was not significant(P>0.05). The decrease in 1.5 mL group was extremely significant at 1-60 d(P<0.01), and was significant at 61-90 d(P<0.05). The decrease in 2.0 mL group was extremely significant at 1-60 d(P<0.01), and was significant at 61-120 d(P<0.05).Compared with before immunization, the fresh semen doses of Simmental bulls in each group decreased but had no significant change(P>0.05). Sperm density first increased and then decreased, The 1.0 mL group decreased extremely significantly at 121-150 d(P<0.01)and significantly at 151-180 d(P<0.05), 1.5 mL group increased significantly at 1-90 d(P<0.05)and decreased significantly at 121-150 d(P<0.05), 2.0 mL group decreased extremely significantly at 121-180 d(P<0.01). Sperm vitality showed a downward trend, and the decrease in 1.0 mL group was extremely significant at 61-120 d(P<0.01), and significant at 121-180 d(P<0.05). 1.5 mL group decreased extremely significantly at 61-150 d(P<0.01) and significantly at 151-180 d(P<0.05). The 2.0 mL group decreased significantly at 31-60 d and 151-180 d(P<0.05), and extremely significantly at 61-150 d(P<0.01).Sperm malformation rate increased, 1.0 mL group increased significantly from 31-60 d(P<0.05), 1.5 mL group and 2.0 mL group increased significantly from 1-60 d(P<0.05). utilization rates of fresh semen decreased, 1.0 mL group decreased not significant(P >0.05), 1.5 mL group and 2.0 mL group was extremely significant decreased at 31-60 d and 1-60 d, respectively(P<0.01). The results suggested that different doses of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine had different effects on the fresh semen quality of different varieties of bulls, and the higher the injection dose, the greater effect on the quality of fresh semen.