李灼华、恽毓鼎等复科举事件考释

A Further Study on the Restoration of Imperial Examinations Advocated by LI Zhuohua,YUN Yuding etal.

胡思敬在《国闻备乘》中记载:李灼华、恽毓鼎、刘彭年在鹿传霖的授意下上书复科举。但该记载疑点重重,有进一步考释之必要。经层层考释,发现1909年李灼华确曾上书明确提出复科举,而恽毓鼎、刘彭年虽未明确提出复科举,但言及借鉴科举考试的一些做法,以改革学校,培养新式人才。这也是“三人同时具疏请复科举”一说在当时广为流传,且为胡思敬采纳、记载的重要原因。

It has been recorded in Guo Wen Bei Cheng by Hu Sijing that LI Zhuohua,YUN Yuding and LIU Pengnian submitted a written statement to the throne to advocate the restoration of the imperial examination under the instruction of LU Chuanlin.However,there are many doubts in this account,which requires further investigation and interpretation.After multiple examination and interpretation,it has been found that LI Zhuohua did write a memorial to the throne in 1909 to propose reviving of the Imperial Examinations,while YUN Yuding and LIU Pengnian did not explicitly propose reviving the imperial examinations,though they talked of reforming schools and training new talents by borrowing some practices from the imperial examinations.This could significantly explain the widely acknowledged statement of"three people simultaneously presenting a memorial to support restoring Imperial Examinations"at that time and why it has then been accepted and written by HU Sijing.