自我效能在社区半失能老年人社会支持与自我感受负担间的中介作用

Mediating effect of self-efficacy between social support and self-perceived burden of semi-disabled elderly in community

目的了解社区半失能老年人自我感受负担、自我效能与社会支持的相关性,探讨自我效能在社会支持与自我感受负担之间的中介作用。方法 2019年7—12月采用多阶段抽样的方法抽取吉林市社区408例半失能老年人作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、Katz指数量表、自我感受负担量表、一般自我效能量表和社会支持评定量表对其进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果社会支持和自我效能与自我感受负担呈负相关(r=-0.760、-0.748,均P<0.01);社会支持与自我效能呈正相关(r=0.684,P<0.01);自我效能在社会支持与自我感受负担之间起部分中介作用(β=0.267,P<0.01),中介效应占总效应的28.19%。结论社区工作人员和照顾者应重视半失能老年人的内心需求,采取有效的干预措施给予半失能老年人良好的社会支持,提高其自我效能水平,从而减少自我感受负担等负性情绪的发生。

Objective To investigate the correlation between self-perceived burden,self-efficacy and social support among semidisabled elderly in community,explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy between social support and self-perceived burden.Methods From July to December 2019,408 semi-disabled elderly in community in Jilin City were selected by multi-stage sampling method as the research objects. General data questionnaire,Katz index scale,self-perceived burden scale,general selfefficacy scale and social support rating scale were used to investigate them. And the data were analyzed. Results Social support and self-efficacy was negatively correlated with self-perceived burden(r=-0.760,-0.748,both P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between social support and self-efficacy(r=0.684,P<0.01). Self-efficacy played a partial mediating role between social support and self-perceived burden (β=0.267,P<0.01),and the mediating effect accounted for 28.19% of the total effect.Conclusion Community workers and caregivers should pay attention to the inner needs of the semi-disabled elderly,and take effective intervention measures to give the semi-disabled elderly good social support,improve their level of self-efficacy,so as to reduce the occurrence of negative emotions such as self-perceived burden.