绿光照射提前昼夜节律进而提高任务绩效方案的研究

A study on task performance enhancement scheme of green light exposure in advance of circadian rhythm

目的研究睡前半小时及整晚绿光照射被试的方法对人体昼夜节律以及夜间任务绩效水平和警觉水平的影响。方法 2020年6—7月从空军军医大学本科生中选取符合条件的40名男大学生作为被试对象,分为研究组与对照组,自晚21:00至次日4:00睡眠,其中研究组给予睡前半小时及整晚绿光照射,对照组不给予任何干预措施,全程测量心率变异性指标,睡前、醒后测量唾液褪黑素,醒后对两组进行反应能力测试、多重任务绩效测试及美国航空航天局任务负荷指数量表(NASA-TLX)测量,通过任务绩效和反应能力成绩评价觉醒及警觉水平。结果与对照组相比,研究组唾液褪黑素浓度在睡前[(2.26±0.11)pg/mL]及整晚绿光照射后[(2.05±0.30)pg/mL]均降低(均P<0.05),研究组心率变异性主要指标较对照组上升(均P<0.05),研究组反应能力测试成绩[正确率:(66.39±4.32)%,正确反应时:(696.64±67.24)ms]及人机功能多任务绩效成绩(4.81±1.01)与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论绿光照射可以提前昼夜节律,提高被试觉醒水平和警觉水平,提高反应水平和任务绩效。

Objective To study the effect of circadian rhythm,the night task performance and alertness by shining green light half an hour before going to bed and throughout the night. Methods From June to July 2020,40 male students who met the requirements were selected as subjects from the undergraduate students of the Air Force Medical University,they were divided into experimental group and control group,sleeping from 21:00 to 4:00 of the next day,the experimental group was give green light illumination for half an hour before sleep and the whole night,and the control group didn’t give any intervention. The heart rate variability were measured entire night,and the salivary melatonin were collected before going to bed and after waking up,then the reactivity testing,multiple task performance testing and NASA task load index scale(NASA-TLX) were tested. The arousal and alertness levels were assessed through task performance and reflexes. Results Compared with the control group,the salivary melatonin concentration of the experimental group before going to bed [(2.26±0.11)pg/mL] and after green light exposure throughout the night both decreased(both P<0.01),the heart rate variability index of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group( all P<0. 05), and the response ability test results [correct rate :(66.39±4.32)%,correct response time :(696.64±67.24)ms] and man-machine functional multi-task performance(4.81±1.01) of the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Green light exposure can advance circadian rhythm,improve arousal and vigilance level,and improve response level and task performance.