苏州市124家重点行业工业企业矽尘危害状况调查

Investigation on silicon dust hazards in 124 key industrial enterprises in Suzhou City

目的了解苏州市9个地区124家重点行业工业企业矽尘危害的现状,预防矽肺职业病的发生。方法于2019年进行现场调查矽尘危害,整理工作场所职业病危害因素监测系统,分析系统内9个地区的重点行业工业企业矽尘危害状况。结果 124家工业企业有77家进行了矽尘检测,检测率为62.10%,时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)中位数为0.75 mg/m3,测量值为0.03~18.25 mg/m3,有32家矽尘超标(超标率为41.56%)。矽尘超限的大型、中型、小型和微型企业数量分别为3、9、13和7家,以小型企业为主,其次为中型企业;矽尘检测点数超标率平均为37.04%;矽尘超限的行业集中在黑色金属冶炼和压延加工。结论苏州市工业企业需进一步加强职业病防治的法律意识,对矽尘危害应予以高度重视,不断改进生产工艺,进一步提高矽尘职业危害检测率,保护矽尘接害人员的职业健康。

Objective To understand the status of silicosis dust hazards in 124 key industrial enterprises in nine regions of Suzhou City,prevent the occurrence of silicosis. Methods In 2019,the field investigation of silica dust hazards was carried out,and the monitoring system of occupational hazards in workplace was sorted out,and the status of silica dust hazards in key industries and enterprises in nine regions of the system was analyzed. Results Among 124 industrial enterprises,77 enterprises had carried out silica dust detection,with the detection rate of 62.10%,the median of time-weighted average concentration(CTWA) was 0.75 mg/m3,the measured value was 0.03-18.25 mg/m3,and the silica dust in 32 enterprises exceeded the standard(the over-standard rate was41.56%). The number of large-scale,medium-sized,small and micro enterprises that silica dust exceeded the limit was 3,9,13 and 7,respectively,which was mainly small-sized enterprises,followed by medium-sized enterprises. The average over-standard rate of silica dust detection points was 37.04%. The industries that silica dust exceeded the limit were concentrated in ferrous metal smelting and calendering processing. Conclusion Industrial enterprises in Suzhou City should further enhance the legal awareness of occupational disease prevention and control,attach great importance to the hazards of silica dust,constantly improve the production process,and further improve the detection rate of occupational hazards of silica dust,to protect the occupational health of workers exposed to silica dust.