四川盆地页岩气勘探开发进展、挑战及对策

Shale gas exploration and development in the Sichuan Basin:Progress,challenge and countermeasures

2020年中国页岩气年产量已经超过200×10^(8) m^(3),创造了我国天然气发展史上的一个奇迹。四川盆地已经并将继续成为我国页岩气勘探开发的主战场。为了进一步推动我国页岩气大规模高效益开发,在全球新冠肺炎疫情蔓延和国内提出“碳达峰碳中和”目标的新形势下,从资源勘探、气藏工程、钻采工程和产业规制4个方面梳理了四川盆地页岩气勘探开发的进展和挑战,提出了实现页岩气大规模高效开发的对策建议。研究结果表明:①四川盆地页岩气大规模高效开发必须以中浅层页岩气持续稳产和深层页岩气规模建产为基础;②较之于北美地区,四川盆地页岩气勘探开发在地理环境、地质条件、钻采技术、产业规制等方面具有自身的特点,很难复制北美大规模、高密度、连片化布井的开发模式,因此需要立足于“少井高产”的策略,一方面在页岩气井全生命周期,继续坚持采用地质工程一体化技术,开展“一体化研究、一体化设计、一体化实施和一体化迭代”,另一方面以问题为导向,从地质评价、开发政策、工程技术、产业规制等方面开展持续攻关,完善地质评价理论与技术、创新气藏工程理论与方法、研发降本增效工程技术、健全页岩气产业规制,形成技术要素与非技术要素协同促进的新格局。结论认为,该研究成果对于四川盆地乃至全国页岩气大规模高效益开发具有重要的借鉴指导意义。

China's shale gas production in 2020 exceeds 200×10^(8) m^(3),which creates a miracle in the history of natural gas development in China.The Sichuan Basin has already been and will be the main battlefield of shale gas exploration and development in China.In order to further promote the large-scale efficient development of shale gas in China,under the new situation of global COVID-19 spread and domestic"carbon peak and carbon neutrality"goal,this paper analyzes the progress and challenges of shale gas exploration and development in the Sichuan Basin from four aspects,including resource exploration,gas reservoir engineering,drilling and production engineering and industrial regulation,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for achieving large-scale efficient development of shale gas.And the following research results are obtained.First,the large-scale efficient development of shale gas in the Sichuan Basin has to take the sustainable and stable production of middle-shallow shale gas and the large-scale productivity construction of deep shale gas as the base.Second,compared with the shale gas exploration and development in the North America,the Sichuan Basin has its own characteristics in terms of geographical setting,geological condition,drilling and production technology and industrial regulation,which makes it difficult to copy the development mode of large scale,high density and continuous well deployment from the North America,so it is necessary to adopt the strategy of"high production with few wells".On the one hand,continue to apply the geology and engineering integration technology to carry out"integrated research,integrated design,integrated implementation and integrated iteration"in the whole life cycle of shale gas well;and on the other hand,carry out problem-oriented continuous researches from the aspects of geological evaluation,development policy,engineering technology and industrial regulation,so as to improve geological evaluation theory and technology,innovate gas reservoir engineering theory and method,research and develop engineering technology for cost reduction and efficiency improvement,improve shale gas industrial regulation,and form a new pattern of collaborative promotion of technical and non-technical elements.In conclusion,the research results provide important reference and guidance for the large-scale efficient development of shale gas in the Sichuan Basin and even the whole country.