非常规油气井工程技术若干研究进展

Some research advances in well engineering technology for unconventional hydrocarbon

中国拥有储量巨大的非常规油气资源,近年来各油气田纷纷建立了难动用油气资源的开发试验区,以“井工厂”大型化设计、定向钻井“一趟钻”作业、井下电加热开采及煤层气高效开发为代表的高新技术不断得以深化研究和广泛应用,极大地促进了非常规油气资源的经济高效开发。为了给非常规油气资源的高效开发提供油气井工程方面的技术支持,在简要综述国内外相关研究进展的基础上,重点介绍了中国石油大学(北京)石油工程教育部重点实验室的相关创新研究成果:①页岩气“井工厂”大型化设计方面,给出了定向钻井延伸极限设计模型和防碰绕障设计方法;②阐述了定向钻井“一趟钻”作业关键技术研究进展,包括高效PDC钻头、导向钻具组合、钻井参数优化及新型钻井液等方面的技术进展;③论述了井下电加热系统与原位转化开采技术发展概况,重点介绍了井下射频加热技术及其模拟实验系统的研究成果;④简要论述了煤层气开发利用的重大意义与技术挑战,重点介绍了我国在复杂储层煤层气高效开发方面取得的一项代表性成果,包括地质评价、磁导向钻井、水平井双管柱完井洗井及低压低渗煤层气储层氮气前置与活性水复合压裂等技术创新内容。结论认为,通过综述上述研究进展,可以为非常规油气井工程设计控制提供有益的参考。

How to exploit efficiently unconventional hydrocarbon has become an important step to solve the problem of increasing reserve and production of oil&gas in China.Aiming at unconventional oil&gas well engineering problems such as large cluster well design,single trip drilling operation,downhole radiofrequency heating,efficient exploitation of coalbed methane and so on,this article analyzes the related research progress briefly at home and abroad,and focuses on the research results of the author's team.Technical contents introduced in this article mainly include:the design methods of large cluster horizontal wells with considerations of directional drilling operation limit and the anti-collision while drilling;research advances in key techniques for the single trip drilling operation related to the innovative research work on efficient PDC bits,steering bottomhole assembly,drilling parameter optimization,new type of drilling fluid and so on;general situation of development and the research results in downhole radiofrequency heating technology for unconventional oil recovery by the in-situ conversion process;finally,briefly introducing significance and technical challenge of the coalbed methane development and utilization,and focusing on the representative achievement of coaled methane exploitation in China,which is related to key techniques involving the geological evaluation,magnetic steering drilling,well completion&washing,efficient fracturing with combination of the preposed nitrogen and activated water and so on.A review of the research advances may be used as beneficial reference in optimal design and operation control of well engineering technology for unconventional hydrocarbon.