言词证据语用审查方法研究

Research on Verbal Evidence Review Method

言词证据作为一种由言词提供者将偶然感知或了解的案件事实,通过语言传递于目标听众的证据类型,本质上是一种说者与听者间的言语交往活动。言词证据能否有效传递取决于二者间的互动。为此应回归言词证据本身的语用特质,构建多方主体参与的审查模式。审查者既要从宏观结构布局把握言词证据论证链、论证层次的连通形式,又要从微观论辩话语中剥离出言词证据论证型式的制约条件,从反驳因素考虑证明要件入手设置相应的批判性问题,在批判与回应的对话剖面中检验言词证据的"可信性"。

As a kind of evidence type,verbal evidence,which is occasionally perceived or understood by the verbal provider and transmitted to the target audience through language,is essentially a verbal communication activity between the speaker and the listener.Whether verbal evidence can be effectively transmitted depends on the interaction between them.we should return to the pragmatic characteristics of verbal evidence itself,and construct a review model involving multiple subjects.The reviewer should not only grasp the verbal evidence argumentation chain and the connected form of the argumentation level from the macro-structure layout,but also separate the constraints of the verbal evidence argumentation form from the micro-argument discourse.We should set up corresponding critical questions in view of the exceptional cases of verbal evidence demonstration,and test the verbal evidence"credibility"in the dialogue profile of criticism and response.