自行设计改良菱形皮瓣在面部创面修复中的临床疗效观察

Observation on the clinical effect of self-designed modified rhomboid skin flap in facial wound repair

目的探讨自行设计改良菱形皮瓣修复面部菱形、圆形及泪滴形创面的临床疗效。方法采用回顾性观察性研究方法。2018年8月—2020年4月,上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院及云南省剑川县人民医院接诊符合入选标准的30例面部病损患者,其中男16例、女14例,年龄23~88岁。患者创面面积为1.0 cm×1.0 cm~7.0 cm×5.0 cm,其中菱形创面10例、圆形创面12例、泪滴形创面8例,均采用自行设计改良菱形皮瓣修复。术后随访1~18个月,记录患者皮瓣成活情况、创面张力情况、术后瘢痕情况及并发症。结果术后皮瓣尖端无坏死发黑,皮瓣均成活,创面张力小、愈合良好,瘢痕增生不明显,无并发症。结论自行设计改良菱形皮瓣尤其适合存在多个重要器官、多个解剖亚单位及软组织张力区变化较大的面部创面,不仅可减少皮瓣旋转推进幅度,而且可减少不必要的正常皮肤软组织切除。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of self-designed modified rhomboid flap in repairing rhomboid,round,and teardrop-shaped wounds on the face.Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted.From August 2018 to April 2020,30 patients with facial lesions admitted into Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and the People's Hospital of Jianchuan County in Yunnan province met the inclusion criteria,including 16 males and 14 females,aged 23 to 88 years.The wound area ranged from 1.0 cm×1.0 cm to 7.0 cm×5.0 cm,with 10 cases of rhomboid wounds,12 cases of round wounds,and 8 cases of teardrop-shaped wounds.The self-designed modified rhomboid flaps were applied to repair the wounds and after that,the patients were followed up for 1 to 18 months to record the survival of flaps,wound tension,scar formation and complications after surgery.Results No necrosis or blackening was observed at the tip of the flaps after surgery.All the flaps survived and the wounds healed well with little tension,minimal scars,and no complications.Conclusions The self-designed modified rhomboid flap is especially suitable for facial wounds with multiple important organs,multiple anatomical subunits,and areas with large changes in soft tissue tension,which can reduce not only the rotation of the flap,but also unnecessary excision of normal skin and soft tissue.