糖尿病角膜神经病变的研究进展

Research progress of diabetic corneal neuropathy

糖尿病周围神经病变是糖尿病的常见并发症之一,在糖尿病患者中的发病率超过50%,其眼部主要表现为糖尿病视网膜病变和糖尿病角膜神经病变。研究发现糖尿病角膜神经病变早于全身其他部位病变,可为糖尿病周围神经病变的早期诊断、风险评估和治疗方案选择提供有效帮助。糖尿病角膜神经病变的神经损伤修复及治疗是目前研究的热点。本文汇总近年国内外的研究进展,针对糖尿病角膜神经病变的解剖和功能改变、损伤及修复机制等进行总结,以期为临床工作提供参考。

Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes.Its incidence among diabetic patients is more than 50%,and its ocular manifestations include diabetic retinopathy and diabetic corneal neuropathy.By using confocal microscopy,diabetic neuropathy in the cornea has been found to occur earlier than other parts of the body,which helps for early diagnosis,risk assessment and treatment options for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.The repair and treatment of nerve damage in diabetic corneal neuropathy has been frequently studied.This review focuses on the research progress of diabetic corneal neuropathy in recent years,and discusses the research findings on corneal nerve injury,anatomical and functional changes,and mechanism of injury and repair.