损失规避对延迟退休决定的影响--以东北三省劳动力市场问卷调查为例

Loss Aversion Affect Delayed Retirement Decision:Taking the Questionnaire Survey of Labor Market from Three Provinces in the Northeast of China

通过使用行为经济学预期理论分析公众对延迟退休的不同态度及其产生的影响,研究表明,负向激励在改变人们延迟退休态度方面比积极激励更有用。因此,与通常不建立一个自动开启养老金与长寿之间联系的待遇确定型养老金制度相比,考虑精算公平,将每月养老金待遇与预期寿命挂钩的缴费确定型养老金制度更有助于促进延迟退休。在此基础上,基于2019年东北三省劳动力市场问卷调查数据,检验人们延迟退休态度不同对养老金制度改革收益的影响。采用问卷调查数据研究结果表明,尽管个体对延迟退休有偏好差异,但是随着年龄增长,被访问者比较倾向于延长工作年限和养老金缴费年限,以应对人口老龄化对养老金财务的冲击。

Studies show that consistent with behavioral economics,negative incentives are more useful than positive ones in changing people's attitudes in favor of raising the statutory retirement age.Therefore,as life expectancy continues to increase,a defined-contribution pension system that links monthly pension benefits to life expectancy is more conducive to promoting the extension of retirement age than one that does not normally establish a defined-benefit pension system that automatically opens the link between pension benefits and longevity.This paper uses the 2019 labor market survey data from three provinces in the northeast of China to test the impact of behavioral economics on delayed retirement attitudes.The results of the questionnaire survey show that although individuals have different preferences for postponing retirement,with the increase of age,the interviewees tend to extend the working life and pension contribution to cope with the impact of population aging on pension finance.