广西某稀土开发利用企业冶炼中天然放射性核素活度浓度分布调查

Investigation on the Activity Concentration Distribution of Natural Radionuclides in the Smelting of a Rare Earth Development and Utilization Enterprise in Guangxi

本文选取广西某稀土开发利用企业生产过程中产生的各类固体物料作为研究对象,通过使用高纯锗γ谱仪对该企业生产过程中所涉及的固体物料(原料、酸溶渣、中和渣、产品等)开展监测分析,研究各固体物料中天然放射性核素(U-238、Th-232、Ra-226、K-40、La-138)的分布特征。结果表明,经过稀土冶炼工序后,虽然最终产品中天然放射性核素U-238、Th-232、Ra-226、K-40均未检出,但是在氧化镧产品中La-138的比活度可达739 Bq/kg;在使用过程中,也会对人体造成一定的照射,然而不同类型稀土矿中稀土元素放射性核素种类以及伴生的天然放射性核素种类和水平不尽相同,有待于广泛深入的研究确定。

This paper selects various solid materials produced in the production process of a rare earth development and utilization enterprise in Guangxi as the research object.Monitor and analyze the solid materials(raw materials,acid soluble slag,neutralization slag,products,etc.)involved in the production process of the enterprise by using high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer.Study the distribution characteristics of natural radionuclides(U-238,Th-232,Ra-226,K-40,La-138)in various solid materials.The results showed that after the rare earth smelting process,although the natural radionuclides U-238,Th-232,Ra-226,K-40 were not detected in the final product,the specific activity of La-138 in the lanthanum oxide product Up to 739 Bq/kg.In the process of use,it will also cause certain exposure to the human body.However,the types of rare earth element radionuclides in different types of rare earth minerals and the types and levels of associated natural radionuclides are not the same,which need to be determined by extensive and in-depth research.