生态文明建设公众参与探析——以环境决策为例

Public Participation in Ecological Civilization——Analysis from Environmental Decision-making Process

公众主体包括行政相对人、利益相关者及对环境决策有合理期待的一般公众,公众通过与政府的互动将利益诉求和价值偏好引入环境决策,并通过专家参与保障科学理性。当前,由于环境问题的特殊性、政府垄断决策权和环境规则缺陷等,公众参与存在知识、权力和规则困境。应借鉴《奥胡斯公约》等域外经验,完善我国公众参与保障机制,在环境立法中为公众参与赋权,加强公众话语权,建立公众参与的协商民主程序。

Public,including administrative counterparts,stakeholders and the general public,participate in environmental decision-making through interaction with government and experts.At present,public participation is in dilemma of knowledge,power and rules due to environmental particularity,governmental monopoly and legal defects.We should learn from the overseas experience such as Aarhus Convention,improve the guarantee mechanism of public participation in China,empower public participation in environmental legislation,strengthen the right of public discourse,and establish a deliberative democratic process of public participation.