贵州安顺布依族村落的现状与特性--兼论村落遗产保护中的价值问题

The Current Situation and Characteristics of Bouyei Villages in Anshun,Guizhou--Discussion on the Value of Village Heritage Conservation

根据2020年北京大学黄果树屯堡联合工作坊在贵州安顺布依族村落的实地调研情况可知,该地区布依族村落仍保留有诸多具备遗产价值的物质性遗存,文章对其保存现状进行了简述,并从共性中总结了带有浓厚的防御性色彩、村内分族姓聚居、善于利用自然资源并对诸多自然物保有信仰3项特点。最后,文章在遗产现状的基础上,对村落遗产保护中的价值问题进行了阐释,提出有别于传统遗产研究中的二分主义,村落遗产保护当中存在着一系列交叉和渗透的遗产价值有待得到进一步重视的观点。

From field research of the Bouyei villages in Anshun,Guizhou conducted by the Huangguoshu Tunpu Joint Workshop of Peking University in 2020,one finds that the Bouyei villages in Anshun still preserve a great many material heritage that have multiple heritage values.This paper sketches the current preservation situation of these villages,and summarizes 3 general characteristics:strong defensive traits,habitation pattern grouped by family names,and efficient use of natural resources and faith in many natural objects.In addition,based on the present situation of these heritages,this paper elucidates the question of value in village heritage protection,and proposes the idea that a series of intersecting and interpenetrating heritage values should remain to be further underlined in village heritage protection,which is different from the binary opposition in orthodox heritage studies.