德宏芒市机场一次顺风天气过程分析

Analysis on A Downwind Weather Process in Dehong Mangshi Airport

利用德宏芒市机场地面气象自动观测系统采集的数据和ECMWF 0.75°×0.75°再分析资料,分析了德宏芒市机场2017年11月3—4日的东北顺风天气过程。结果表明:此次顺风天气过程主要是受南下冷空气影响,其表现为风速大、持续时间长、机场航班大面积延误的特点。孟加拉湾高压对南支槽结构的破坏是造成德宏芒市地区西南风偏弱的主要原因,台风“达维”外围的东风气流与地面冷高压外围的东北气流汇合,导致偏东风加强,并主导地面风引起东北顺风过程维持。动量下传是造成此次顺风的一个影响因子。冷空气南下对云南中东部地区的影响较大,德宏芒市机场位于云南省西部,地理位置偏西,受冷空气影响较小。冷空气南下过程中,预报德宏芒市机场是否会出现顺风超标,可参考昆明及云南东部机场的风向风速。

Based on the meteorological data collected by automatic observation system of Dehong Mangshi A Cirport and the ECMWF 0.75°×0.75°reanalysis data,the northeast downwind weather process of Dehong Mangshi airport during November 3 to 4 in 2017 is analyzed.The results show that:The downwind weather was affected by the southward cold air,the performance of the process was high wind speed,long duration and widespread delays at Dehong Mangshi Airport.The destruction of the south branch structure by the bay of Bengal high is the main reason for the weak on southwest wind in Dehong Mangshi,and the confluence of the easterly airflow outside typhoon"dawei"and the northeast airflow outside the surface cold and high pressure made the easterly wind strengthen and dominate the surface wind,t hose caused maintaining of the northeast downwind process.The downward momentum transportation was an important factor in the process.The eastern regions in Yunnan were greatly influenced in cold air southward moving,Dehong Mangshi airport is located in the west of Yunnan,cold air has slight influence on it.So forecast the downwind exceeding at Dehong Mangshi Airport in cold air southward moving,the wind of Kunming airport and east Yunnan can be used.