衡水市高氟区儿童氟斑牙和智商水平调查分析

Investigation and analysis on children′s dental fluorosis and IQ level in high-fluoride areas of Hengshui City

目的对衡水市高氟区和对照区学龄儿童进行氟斑牙和智商调查测试,探讨超量氟对儿童智商的影响。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选10个高氟村、10个水氟正常村调查村中改水情况、监测水氟值、统计儿童氟斑牙患病和智商水平情况。结果高氟区水氟值均值超标,氟斑牙患儿检出率60.7%,显著高于对照区的3.3%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=87.72,P<0.05);高氟区儿童智商均值高于对照区儿童智商均值,差异有统计学意义(t=5.27,P<0.05);高氟区儿童智商≤69分的占比高于对照区,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.55,P<0.05);高氟区非氟斑牙患儿智商均值高于氟斑牙患儿,差异有统计学意义(t=5.52,P<0.05);随着氟斑牙程度的加重,儿童智商均值逐渐减低(P<0.05)。结论高水氟区氟斑牙儿童检出率较高,长期摄入过量的氟不仅影响儿童的牙齿,对儿童的智商也存在一定的损伤。应关注改水质量,保护儿童健康。

Objective To conduct dental fluorosis and intelligence quotient(IQ)survey on school-age children in the high-fluoride areas area and control areas of Hengshui City,and to explore the influence of excess fluoride on children′s intelligence.Methods A total of 10 high fluoride villages and 10 normal water fluoride villages were selected by the stratified cluster random sampling method.The water improvement in the village was investigated,water fluoride value was monitored,and the children′s dental fluorosis and IQ levels were counted.Results The average fluorine value of water in the high-fluorine zone was out of limit;the detection rate of children with dental fluorosis in the high-fluoride area was 60.7%,being significantly higher than 3.3%in the control area,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=87.72,P<0.05);mean IQ of children in the high-fluoride area was higher than that of the control area,the difference was statistically significant(t=5.27,P<0.05);the proportion of IQ≤69 in the high-fluoride area is higher than that in the control area,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.55,P<0.05);mean IQ of children with non-fluorosis in high fluoride area was higher than that of children with dental fluorosis,and the difference was statistically significant(t=5.52,P<0.05).When the degree of dental fluorosis worsened,mean children IQ gradually decreased.Conclusion The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children with high water fluoride area is higher,long-term excessive intake of fluoride both affects the teeth and IQ of of children.It is necessary to throw concerns on the quality of water improvement and protect the health of children.