52份热带玉米和温带玉米配合力及杂种优势分析

Analysis of Combining Ability and Heterosis of 52 Tropical Maize and Temperate Maize

【目的】选取具有优良性状的52份热带玉米和3个温带自交系,温带自交系分别为3A345(Reid群)、7854(偏Reid群)和1718(PB)种质群代表的测验种。【方法】采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,配制156个杂交组合,在西南地区雅安、自贡、新津不同生态环境下进行田间试验,对杂交组合的各农艺性状一般配合力和单株产量特殊配合力进行分析,评价选系的应用价值。【结果】配合力分析表明,A2、A8、A14、A15、A16、A35、A42和A52的单株产量一般配合力效应值较高,对照优势大于10%的有10个组合,均由测验种3A345与A16、A8、A13、A32、A23、A44、A14、A10、A42和A52组配,其产量一般配合力效应值依次为:12.37、6.97、11.00、5.60、1.02、4.55、-1.64、8.23、3.20、6.93、6.44。【结论】综合分析表明52份自交系中A8、A13、A16、A29、A32、A35、A37和A52综合性状优良,可在杂交育种中加以利用,同时这些选系与测验种3A345所代表的Reid群具有较强的杂种优势。

【Objective】52 tropical maize and 3 temperate inbred lines with excellent characters were selected.The temperate inbred lines were represented by germplasm groups 3A345(Reid group),7854(minor Reid group)and 1718(PB),respectively.【Method】A total of 156 hybrid combinations were prepared by NCⅡgenetic mating design.Field experiments were carried out in Ya'an,Zigong and Xinjin of Southwest China under different ecological environments.The general combining ability of agronomic traits and the specific combining ability of yield per plant of the hybrid combinations were analyzed to evaluate the application value of the selection lines.【Result】The combining ability analysis showed that A2,A8,A14,A15,A16,A35,A42 and A52 had higher general combining ability effect value per plant yield,and there were 10 combinations with control advantage greater than 10%.All tested species 3A345 were matched with A16,A8,A13,A32,A23,A44,A14,A10,A42 and A52,and the general combining ability effect values of their yield were in the order as follows:12.37,6.97,11.00,5.60,1.02,4.55,-1.64,8.23,3.20,6.93,6.44.【Conclusion】The comprehensive analysis showed that the 52 inbred lines A8,A13,A16,A29,A32,A35,A37 and A52 had excellent comprehensive traits,which could be used in cross breeding.Meanwhile,the Reid group represented by these lines and test line 3A345 had strong heterosis.