电弧增材制造成形在线监测与控制研究进展及展望

Research progress and prospect of on-line forming monitoring and control in wire and arc additive manufacturing

电弧增材制造以电弧为载能束逐层熔化金属丝材直至形成全焊缝金属构件,因其制造成本低、成形效率高、材料利用率高等优势而备受推崇。成形尺寸的自动检测与控制是推进电弧增材制造技术工程化应用、快速产业化必须解决的关键科学与技术挑战。主要从成形工艺调控、过程在线监测与控制角度阐述了国内外电弧增材制造成形控制技术的研究现状,以红外、电参数和视觉监测原理为出发点,重点分析了现有电弧增材制造在线监测与成形控制技术的研究进展与不足,提出了未来电弧增材制造成形在线监测与控制技术的主要发展方向。

Wire and arc additive manufacturing employs an electric arc as energy beam to melt metal wire layer by layer to fabricate full weld metal components. It is highly praised for its advantages of low manufacturing cost,high deposition rate, and high material utilization. The automatic detection and control of forming dimensions is a key scientific and technical challenge that must be solved to promote the engineering application and rapid industrialization of wire and arc additive manufacturing. This study mainly discusses current research status of the forming control technology in wire and arc additive manufacturing from the perspective of forming process regulation and on-line monitoring and control. Starting from the principle of infrared,electrical parameter and visual monitoring,research progress and shortcomings of existing monitoring and forming control in wire and arc additive manufacturing are analyzed. The main future outlook of on-line monitoring and control in wire and arc additive manufacturing in the future is put forward.