飞机金属零件焊接及增材制造修复研究与应用现状

Research and application status of repair techn-ology by welding and additive manufacturing for metal parts in aircrafts

金属零件的修复技术是飞机维修的核心技术,其发展关乎我国航空维修水平与能力的提高。针对飞机领域涉及的金属零件修复技术,包括钨极氩弧焊、等离子弧焊、搅拌摩擦焊等焊接修复技术和激光直接沉积、电子束熔丝沉积、冷喷涂等增材制造修复技术,分析其工艺特点、优势,梳理其技术研究和工程应用现状。指出了国内外航空修复技术研究与应用存在的差距,并对该领域未来的发展趋势、研究方向和重点做出了研判。

The repair technology of metal parts is the core technology of aviation maintenance,and its development is related to the improvement of China's aviation maintenance level and ability. For the repair technologies of metal parts involved in the aviation field,including welding repair,such as tungsten inert gas arc welding,plasma arc welding,friction stir welding, and additive manufacturing repair methods,such as laser direct metal deposition,electron beam fuse deposition,cold spraying,their technological characteristics and advantages are analyzed,and the current situation of technology research and engineering application is summarized. On this basis,the gap between domestic and overseas research and application of aviation repair technology is pointed out,and the future development trend, research direction and key points of this field are studied and judged.