浅析医师超范围执业行为的法律问题——以医师的紧急救治行为为视角

Discussions on the Legal Problems of Doctors'off Scope Practice--From the Perspective of Doctors'Emergency Treatment

现行法律法规未明确医师在紧急救治情形下超范围执业行为的性质,对此应统一医师主观意愿和客观事实两者来判定:当医师在主观上无超范围执业的故意,客观上又有现实紧迫性和突发性且不采取一定急救措施就会致患者伤亡时,其超范围紧急救治的执业行为应是一种紧急救助行为,基于刑法的谦抑性,对此应不作刑事处罚,且基于“两害相较取其轻”的原则,医师也不应承担行政责任;对其在紧急救治行为过程中所造成的损害,应予医师一定的责任免除,使其不承担或少承担相应的民事责任。

The current laws and regulations do not clarify the nature of doctors'off scope practice in emergency treatment,which should be determined by combining doctors'subjective will and objective facts.When doctors have no intention of exceeding the scope of practice subjectively,and it is realistically urgent and abrupt objective⁃ly,and if they do not take certain emergent measures,patient casualties will happen,their off scope practice should be a kind of emergent relief,and they should not be criminally punished based on the modesty of the crimi⁃nal law.They should not even bear the administrative responsibility based on the principle of choosing the lesser of two evils.For the damage caused in the process of emergency treatment,doctors should be exempted from certain li⁃ability,so that they do not bear or bear less civil liability.