论玉山草堂的品题艺术

On the Art of Garden Titles in Yushan Thatched Cottage

元末被誉为东南园林之冠的玉山草堂不惟以其雅丽精绝的系列景点取称一世,其形式多样而又蕴涵深邃的的诗性品题作为园林美的精神生态建构要素,亦极富特色,然却未能得到学界足够的重视。园中异彩纷呈的园名、景名、楹联等形式的品题,不但从不同角度生动诠释了园主的雅韵高情,而且以诗意浓郁、引发联想的特殊功效进一步突显了景观特征,提升园林的文化艺术品味。于是玉山草堂品题所承载的元末以顾瑛为首的文人隐逸、园林、雅集等文化形态,无疑具有一定的时代特色,也具有重要的文化美学价值。因此,玉山草堂品题艺术值得深入研究,尤其是通过其品题艺术透视元末文人园林审美风尚和文化心态的途径出发,深入探讨玉山草堂立意构景的文化渊源及其所蕴涵的美学特征,对于当前文化园林的设计和建造具有重大的现实意义。

Yushan Thatched Cottage,known as the top garden in Southeast China in the late Yuan Dynasty,was not only famous for its elegant and exquisite series of scenic spots,but also for its various forms and profound poetic themescharacteristic as the spiritual ecological construction elements of garden beauty.However,it failed to get enough attention from the academic circles.The colorful titles in form of garden names,scenery names,couplets and other forms not only vividly interpreted the elegant charm of the garden owner from different angles,but also highlighted the landscape features with the special effect of poetic association and enhanced the cultural and artistic taste of the garden.Thus,the cultural forms of seclusion,gardens and elegant collections of literati headed by Gu Ying in the late Yuan Dynasty,carried by the titles of the Cottage,undoubtedly have certain traits of the times and important cultural and aesthetic values.Consequently,the title art of the Cottage is worthy of further study,especially through the perspective of the literati's garden aesthetic fashion and cultural mentality in the late Yuan Dynasty and it is of great practical significance for the design and construction of the current cultural garden to deeply explore the cultural origin and aesthetic features of the conception landscape of the Cottage.