论欧美华人女作家自传性作品的不可靠性叙述

Unreliable Narration in the Autobiographical Works of European and American Chinese Female Writers

自传性写作是处于边缘位置的汤婷婷等欧美华人女性作家反抗主流话语、建构自我声音和形象的极为有利的武器。在她们的自传性作品中,不可靠性叙述主要表现在三个方面:首先,是叙述人记忆的不可靠。她们自传性作品中的个体记忆既是一个遗忘的过程,也是一个加工的过程,其目的都在缓解和消除男权社会带给女性内心的伤害和恐惧,维护和重建自我身份。其次,是隐含读者阅读中的不可靠叙述。在中西文化的双重冲击下,汤婷婷等欧美华人女作家自传性作品中叙述人与读者的关系是极为复杂的,她们的不可靠性叙述既可能拉大她们与读者的距离,导致读者的疏离;也可能迎合了某些特定族群读者的期待视野,缩短她们与这些读者的距离。再次,是互文性文本对比中的不可靠叙述。她们的自传性文本无论是对自己作品中故事的引入,还是对其他文学文本故事的引入,都在改写中彰显了强烈的女性主体意识。

Autobiographical writing is a powerful weapon for the marginal European and American Chinese female writers,such as Maxine Hong Kingston,to resist the mainstream discourse and construct self-voice and image.In their works,unreliable narration is mainly manifested in three aspects.Firstly,it's the unreliability of the narrator's memory.The individual memory in their autobiographical works is not only a process of forgetting,but also a process of processing,which aims at alleviating and eliminating the harm and fear of the Patriarchal Society to women,and then maintaining and rebuilding the self-identity.Secondly,it's the unreliable narration in the implied reader's reading.The relationship between narrator and reader in their autobiographical works is extremely complicated when faced with double cultural shock of Chinese and Western.This kind of unreliable narration may not only widen the distance between readers and the narrator,but also cater to the expectations of certain groups of readers and shorten the distance between them.Thirdly,it's the unreliable narration in the intertextual comparison.Their autobiographical texts,whether introduce story from their own works or other literary texts,are intended to show a strong sense of female subject consciousness in rewriting.