5种杀虫剂对西花蓟马和花蓟马的毒力及其生理酶活性的影响

Effect of five insecticides on toxicity and physiological enzyme activities of Frankliniella occidentalis and F.intonsa

【目的】探究不同杀虫剂对重要入侵害虫西花蓟马及其本地近缘种花蓟马的毒力及对保护酶和解毒酶活性的影响,为进一步研究2种害虫的抗性管理提供依据。【方法】采用浸渍法测定5种田间常用杀虫剂对西花蓟马和花蓟马的毒力,并测定杀虫剂亚致死浓度(LC 25)下2种蓟马体内保护酶和解毒酶活性的差异。【结果】不同杀虫剂对2种蓟马的毒力依次为:乙基多杀菌素>甲维盐>阿维菌素>吡虫啉>噻虫嗪,乙基多杀菌素对西花蓟马和花蓟马的LC 50分别为0.28和0.03 mg·L^(-1)。不同药剂的亚致死剂量(LC 25)对西花蓟马和花蓟马体内保护酶和解毒酶活性普遍具有诱导作用。其中,阿维菌素对西花蓟马超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性诱导作用最强,为326.40 U·mg^(-1),是对照的9.37倍,而乙基多杀菌素对花蓟马SOD活性诱导作用最强,为245.35 U·mg^(-1),是对照的9.32倍;吡虫啉对西花蓟马和花蓟马过氧化物酶(POD)诱导作用最强,分别为298.67和246.79 U·mg^(-1),是对照的37.10和20.57倍;阿维菌素对西花蓟马和花蓟马过氧化氢酶(CAT)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)诱导作用最强,分别为298.67、246.79 U·mg^(-1)(CAT活性)和12.53、11.99 U·mg^(-1)(CarE活性);乙基多杀菌素对西花蓟马和花蓟马谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)诱导作用最强,分别为77527.59、66927.39 U·mg^(-1)(GST活性)和2.34、2.22 U·mg^(-1)(AChE活性)。【结论】5种杀虫剂中,乙基多杀菌素对2种蓟马的毒力最强;西花蓟马对杀虫剂的解毒代谢能力强于花蓟马。

【Aim】To explore the effect of five insecticides on toxicity and activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes of Frankliniella occidentalis and closely-related species F.intonsa,which provides basic information for further studies on pest resistance management.【Method】The toxicity of five insecticides to F.occidentalis and F.intonsa was determined using the dipping method,and the activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes were measured after treatment with sublethal concentrations(LC 25)of each insecticide.【Result】The toxicities of the five insecticides to F.occidentalis and F.intonsa were spinetoram>emamectin benzoate>avermectin>imidacloprid>thiamethoxam.The LC 50 values to spinetoram in F.occidentalis and F.intonsa were 0.28 and 0.03 mg·L^(-1),respectively.The activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in F.occidentalis and F.intonsa were induced after LC 25 treament.Avermectin had the strongest induction effect on superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity of F.occidentalis at 326.40 U·mg^(-1),which was 9.37 times that of the control.Spinetoram had the strongest induction effect on SOD activity of F.intonsa at 245.35 U·mg^(-1),which was 9.32 times that of the control.Imidacloprid had the strongest induction effect on peroxidase(POD)in both F.occidentalis(298.67 U·mg^(-1))and F.intonsa(246.79 U·mg^(-1)),which were 37.10 and 20.57 times those of the control,respectively.Avermectin had the strongest induction effect on catalase(CAT)and carboxylesterase(CarE)of both thrips species,at 298.67,and 246.79 U·mg^(-1)(CAT activity)and 12.53,and 11.99 U·mg^(-1)(CarE activity),respectively.Spinetoram had the strongest induction effect on glutathione S-transferase(GST)at 77527.59,66927.39 U·mg^(-1)(GST activity)and also for acetylcholine esterase(AChE),at 2.34,and 2.22 U·mg^(-1)(AChE activity),respectively.【Conclusion】Among the five insecticides tested,spinetoram showed the strongest toxicity against both thrips.The detoxification ability of F.occidentalis was better than that of F.intonsa.