PAM/TiO_(2)改性制备三种超亲水膜及其油水分离性能

Preparation of Superhydrophilic PAM/TiO_(2) Nanocomposite Coating on Three Membranes for Oil/Water Separation Applications

含油废水对生活环境和生态平衡均造成极大的危害,因此,高效地将油水分离成为目前的研究热点。制备聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)和二氧化钛(TiO_(2))的质量分数为1%的水溶液,通过改变PAM与TiO_(2)的质量比,采用自然浸泡法对棉布、聚氨酯膜、铜网进行改性,得到超亲水的膜材料。利用SEM及XRD测试方法对改性前后的膜材料进行表征,分析其表面形貌及组成,从而证明PAM与TiO_(2)在膜表面均匀附着。通过砂芯过滤及接触角测试,分析油水分离效果,并计算分离效率。当PAM与TiO_(2)的质量比为1:2时,油水分离效果最佳,砂芯过滤时间最短,接触角最小,分离效率最高。通过综合比较1:2时不同改性膜的上述参数可知,聚氨酯膜在3种不同的改性膜中油水分离效果最佳,砂芯过滤时间为5.03 min,接触角为4.86°,分离效率为95%。

Wastewater containing oil had great harm to the living environment and ecological balance which made it a hot point to separate oil from water effectively.Aqueous solutions composed of polyacrylamide(PAM)and titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))with mass fraction of 1%were prepared,the mass ratio of PAM and TiO_(2)was changed simultaneously.Cotton cloth,polyurethane film and copper mesh were modified by simple natural soaking method,so the superhydrophilic membranes were obtained.The SEM and XRD were used to characterize the surface morphologies and compositions of the membranes before and after modification to guarantee uniform adhesion of PAM and TiO_(2)on the membranes.Through sand core filtration and contact Angle test,the separation effect and the separation efficiency of oil and water was studied.The results showed that when the mass ratio of PAM and TiO_(2)was 1:2,the best oil-water separation effect could be achieved with shorter filtration time,smaller contact angle and higher separation efficiency.Based on the comprehensive comparison of parameters such as sand core filtration time,separation efficiency and contact Angle at 1:2,the polyurethane membrane showed the best performances among the three kinds of modified membranes.