后学院科学:谁决定了科学研究项目?——以“天河工程”争议为例

Who Decides the Science Project in Post-academic Science:Taking‘‘Tianhe Project’’as an Example

本文通过回顾2018年底引发舆论争议的"天河工程"项目的发展历程,发现一个有悖于常规认知的现象:最能左右项目推进的因素并不是来自科学家内部,而是来自以科技类媒体为代表的外部意见,即"专家失灵"和"媒体补位"。本研究尝试以后学院科学为视角,分析认为科学共同体更加多元、知识生产更重应用导向、学院科学的"无私利性"消解是主要原因。在此基础上,提出应从参与科学研究的"大科学共同体"入手,重建后学院科学的"无私利性"规范。

By introducing a case,the Tianhe Project,which resulted public sentiment by a newspaper story at the end of 2018,this paper aims to illustrate the abnormality:why the determining factors for this scientific project are not internal opinions on science,but some external opinions from science media,that regards as‘‘expert failing’’and‘‘media alternating’’?From the perspective of post-academic science,this study research 3 reasons:scientific community is more pluralistic,knowledge production is more application-oriented,and the‘‘selfless’’norm is disappeared.At last this paper proposes the‘‘great scientific community’’to rebuild the‘‘selfless’’norm in post-academic science.