基于免疫和抗炎作用探究复方青蒿煎剂防治鸡球虫病研究

Study of compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba decoction for the control of avian coccidiosis based on immune and anti-inflammatory effects

探究复方青蒿煎剂防治鸡球虫病效果。试验选取7日龄雏鸡,随机分为复方青蒿预防组、复方青蒿煎剂治疗组、百球清治疗组、模型组及正常对照组。于14日龄对复方青蒿预防组雏鸡灌服复方青蒿煎剂,测定雏鸡小肠中sIgA、MUC2含量,淋巴细胞、杯状细胞数量及TLRs、MMR的m RNA转录水平,评价复方青蒿煎剂对鸡球虫病的预防作用。15日龄,除正常对照组外,其余各组雏鸡经口感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫,观察攻虫后雏鸡的临床症状,检查粪便卵囊数。于22日龄处死雏鸡,观察盲肠病变并计分,计算抗球虫指数,进行H.E染色,对脾脏炎性因子转录水平、血清中免疫球蛋白含量等进行测定,评价复方青蒿煎剂治疗效果。结果复方青蒿煎剂预防对肠黏膜免疫无明显效果,但能够提高健康雏鸡脾脏中TLR7、TLR21的mRNA转录水平(P<0.05)。雏鸡感染球虫后,于感染后3 d出现明显的临床症状。复方青蒿治疗组效果最好,抗球虫指数达175.27,相对增重率91.27%,病变计分及卵囊数均低于其他试验组;各给药组的雏鸡盲肠组织切片中的黏膜脱落、坏死情况较模型组明显减少;复方青蒿治疗组和百球清治疗组IL-17、IFN-γ的mRNA表达量显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。复方青蒿治疗组免疫球蛋白含量为最高,其次分别为复方青蒿预防组、百球清治疗组、模型对照组、正常对照组,但各组无显著差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。复方青蒿煎剂对雏鸡肠道黏膜免疫无明显效果,但抗炎效果明显,对鸡球虫病具有预防和治疗作用,且治疗效果优于百球清。

To investigate the effect of compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba on the control of avian coccidiosis.The 7-day-old chicks were randomly divided into Artemisiae Annuae Herba prevention group,Artemisiae Annuae Herba treatment group,Baiqouqing treatment group,model group and normal control group.At 14 days of age,chickens in the preventive group were given Artemisiae Annuae Herba recipe decoction,and the contents of sIgA and MUC2,the numbers of lymphocytes and cupped cells and the mRNA transcript levels of TLRs and MMR in the small intestine of chickens were measured to evaluate the preventive effect of Artemisiae Annuae Herba recipe on chicken coccidiosis.The clinical symptoms and the number of fecal oocysts were examined.The chickens were executed at 22 days of age,and the cecum lesions were observed,scored and the anticoccidial index was calculated;H.E staining was performed.The transcript levels of inflammatory factors in the spleen and immunoglobulin levels in the serum were measured to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba.Compound artemisia prophylaxis had no significant effect on intestinal mucosal immunity,but was able to increase the mRNA transcript levels of TLR7 and TLR21 in the spleen of healthy chickens(P<0.05).Chickens infected with coccidia showed significant clinical signs at 3 d after infection.The best effect was observed in the compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba treatment group,with an anti-coccidial index of 175.27,a relative weight gain rate of 91.27%,and lower lesion count score and oocyst number than other experimental groups;the mucosal detachment and necrosis in the cecum tissue sections of chickens in each administration group were significantly reduced compared with the model group;the mRNA expression of IL-17 and IFN-γ in the compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba treatment group and the toltrazuril treatment group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group(P<0.05).The immunoglobulin content was the highest in the compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba-treated group,followed by the compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba-preventive group,paclobutrazol-treated group,model control group and normal control group,respectively.However,there was no significant difference among the groups,which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compound Artemisiae Annuae Herba had no significant effect on chick intestinal mucosa immunity,but the anti-inflammatory effect was obvious,and it had preventive and therapeutic effects on chicken coccidiosis,and the therapeutic effect was better than toltrazuril.