牛至油-青蒿素复方纳米乳制备及治疗鸡球虫病效果评价

Preparation of oregano essential oil-arteminisin nanoemulsion and its therapeutic efficacies on chicken coccidiosis

制备牛至油-青蒿素复方纳米乳(OANE)并验证其治疗鸡球虫病的效果。自乳化法制备OANE,表征并考察其动力学、热力学稳定性;选取海兰褐蛋公雏400只,分为健康对照组、辅料对照组、感染组、OANE低剂量组、OANE中剂量组、OANE高剂量组、球虫散对照组和磺胺喹噁啉钠对照组8组。16日龄时,除A组外,其他各组均经口接种孢子化柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊(8×10^(4)个/只);感染后第5天,各组给予相应处理至第9天试验结束。以抗球虫指数(ACI)等综合评价治疗效果。结果显示,成功制备OANE,粒径分布、Zeta电位、稳定性等良好。试验期间,OANE中剂量组、高剂量组血便记分显著低于球虫散对照组(P<0.05),与磺胺喹噁啉钠对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);饲料转化率极显著高于感染组(P<0.01),与阴性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);卵囊排出率显著低于感染组和鸡球虫散组(P<0.05或P<0.01),与磺胺喹噁啉钠组差异不显著(P>0.05),ACI达170以上;感染后第6天,血清丙二醛(MDA)和一氧化氮(NO)水平极显著低于(P<0.01)其余药物组,而总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)相当或显著高于阳性药物对照组(P>0.05或P<0.05)。说明OANE中剂量、高剂量治疗鸡球虫病效果良好。

To prepare oregano essential oil-artemisinin nanoemulsion(OANE)and verify its effect on chicken coccidiosis.The OANE was prepared by self-emulsification method and characterized,meanwhile,the kinetic and thermodynamic stability tests were conducted on OANE.Then,four hundred male Hy-line chicks were selected and divided into 8 groups:healthy control group,supplementary material control group,infection group,OANE low dose group,OANE medium dose group,OANE high dose group,anti-coccidiosis powder control group and sulfaquinoxaline sodium control group.At the age of 16 days,all groups except group A were inoculated with sporulated Eimeria tenella oocysts(8×10^(4) for every chick),on the fifth day after infection,each group was given specific treatment until the end of the experiment on the 9 th day,and the therapeutic effect was evaluated by anticoccidial index(ACI).The results showed that OANE was successfully prepared with satisfying particle size distribution,Zeta potential and stability.During the experiment,the scores of bloody stools of OANE medium dose group and high dose group were significantly lower than that of anti-coccidiosis powder control group(P<0.05),which was equivalent to that of sulfaquinoxaline sodium group(P>0.05),in addition,the feed conversion rate of which was significantly higher than that of the infection group(P<0.01),which was equivalent to healthy control group(P>0.05).Moreover,the oocyst excretion rate was significantly lower than that of infection group and anti-coccidiosis powder group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and was equivalent to that of sulfaquinoxaline sodium group(P>0.05),and the ACI was more than170.On the 6 th day after infection,serum MDA and NO were significantly lower than those in the positive drug control group(P<0.01),while T-AOC and SOD were equivalent or significantly higher than those in the positive drug controls(P>0.05 or P<0.05).These results suggested the medium and high doses of OANE got promising therapeutic effects on chicken coccidiosis.