2019年某铁路局电力机车司机与汽车驾驶员常见慢性病现状分析

Analysis on current situation of common chronic diseases of electric locomotive drivers and automobile drivers in a railway administration,2019

目的了解某铁路局内电力机车司机与汽车驾驶员常见慢性病状况,为制定职工慢性病健康管理方案和实施健康干预措施提供参考。方法选择2019年某铁路局中电力机车司机与汽车驾驶员共4704名职工为研究对象,比较电力机车司机与汽车驾驶员的体质指数(BMI)、高血脂(总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白)、糖尿病及高血压等项目的检出率。结果在控制了年龄分层因素的影响后,与电力机车司机相比较,汽车驾驶员在高血脂、超重及肥胖、糖尿病及高血压异常检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且汽车驾驶员上述指标发生风险也都高于电力机车司机OR值分别为1.76、1.33、1.51及1.39。按不同年龄段分析,电力机车司机与汽车驾驶员高血脂检出率在各年龄段均存在差异(OR值分别为10.95、21.49、11.90及24.27,P<0.01);高血压、超重及肥胖在40~49和≥50岁存在差异,糖尿病只有在≥50岁差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论电力机车司机与汽车驾驶员与全国人口慢性病调查状况相比较高;电力机车司机相比该铁路局汽车驾驶员健康状况较差。

Objective To understand the common chronic disease conditions of electric locomotive drivers and automobile drivers in a railway bureau,so as to provide references for formulating employee chronic disease health management plans and implementing health intervention measures.Methods A total of 4704 employees of electric locomotive drivers and automobile drivers in a railway bureau in 2019 were selected as the research objects,and to compare the body mass index(BMI),hyperlipidemia(total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein),diabetes and hypertension between electric locomotive drivers and automobile drivers.Results After controlling the influence of age stratification,compared with electric locomotive drivers,there were significant differences in the detection rates of hyperlipidemia,overweight,obesity,diabetes and hypertension among automobile drivers(P<0.01).And the risk of the above indexes of automobile drivers was also higher than that of electric locomotive drivers(OR=1.76,1.33,1.51 and1.39).According to the analysis of different age groups,there were differences in the detection rate of hyperlipidemia between electric locomotive drivers and automobile drivers(P<0.01),hypertension,overweight and obesity were different in 40-49 years old and over 50 years old.Diabetes only differs in the age group of 50 years or older(P<0.01).Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases among electric locomotive drivers,automobile drivers and the national population is relatively high.The health status of electric locomotive drivers is worse than that of car drivers in this railway bureau.