乾隆二十一年土尔扈特赴藏熬茶使团探析

The Mission of Torghut Tribe to Tibet to Brew Tea in the Twenty-First Year of Qianlong

生活于伏尔加河流域的土尔扈特部于乾隆十九年至二十二年遣往清朝的吹扎布熬茶使团,颇受乾隆皇帝重视。在清朝大力资助和关照下,使团圆满完成朝觐和熬茶使命,并加深了土尔扈特人对清朝国力和黄教政策的了解。作为土尔扈特部回归之前遣往清朝的最后一个使团,吹扎布等使团成员带回的诸多真实信息,为土尔扈特部认识清朝乃黄教兴盛之地及其制定东归计划等方面,均有重要影响。

From the nineteenth year to the twenty-second year of Qianlong,Torghut tribe in the Volga Valley sent a brewing tea(used in ceremonial offerings in Lamaist temples,in Chinese as aocha熬茶and the Manchu equivalent is manja fuifumbi)mission led by Coijab to the Qing,which attracted great attention of the Qianlong emperor.With great support and concern of the Qing Dynasty,the mission of pilgrimage and presenting the boiled tea in Tibet was completed successfully,and the Torghut people had a better understanding of the Qing’s strength and religious policies.As the last mission sent to the Qing Dynasty,members of Coijab brought back a lot of significant information to Torghut tribe,which had an important influence on the understanding of the Qing Dynasty as a place of prosperity for Shamanism and Torghut’s plan of returning back.