基于纳米递药系统的肿瘤免疫检查点联合治疗研究进展

Recent advance of nanosized drug delivery systems targeting immune checkpoints for combination cancer immunotherapy

免疫治疗已成为继手术治疗、化疗、放疗之外的重要肿瘤治疗手段.在肿瘤免疫疗法中,免疫检查点阻断疗法临床疗效显著,受到广泛关注.但是,由于患者肿瘤组织免疫原性低、存在免疫抑制微环境和免疫细胞瘤内浸润缺乏等问题,免疫检查点阻断治疗仍存在临床响应率低等局限性.近年来,科研人员利用肿瘤区别于正常组织的生理和病理特性,联合物理、化学等刺激手段,发展了多种基于纳米递药系统的免疫检查点联合治疗策略,显著提高了免疫检查点阻断治疗的疗效并有望降低其毒副作用.本文简要综述了本团队及国内外同行利用纳米递药系统高效递送免疫治疗药物,将免疫检查点抑制剂与化疗、放疗和光疗等方法联合,改善免疫检查点阻断疗法的疗效方面的研究进展,并对该领域面临的挑战及未来发展趋势进行了探讨与展望.

Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB) therapy has gained increasing attention due to its remarkable therapeutic performance. However,its therapeutic performance was highly impaired by the low immunogenicity of the tumors, insufficient intratumoral infiltration of the T lymphocytes, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To address the challenge of current ICB therapy, nanosized drug delivery systems have been extensively exploited to deliver various immune modulators(e.g., chemotherapeutics,photosensitizers, and immune checkpoint inhibitors) for improved ICB therapy. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the recent advance of nanosized drug delivery systems for combination ICB immunotherapy. We also discuss the challenges and provide perspectives for the clinical translation of nanosized drug delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy.