上海市松江区泖港镇新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗接种意愿及原因调查

Investigation of the willingness and causes of vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 in Maogang Town,Songjiang District,Shanghai

目的:了解上海市松江区泖港镇社区居民对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的知晓情况、接种意愿及相关原因,为推行新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗接种防控计划提供参考依据。方法:于2020年12月—2021年1月采取在上海市松江区泖港镇社区卫生服务中心张贴问卷二维码及在患者微信群内分享问卷二维码相结合的方法对社区居民进行调查,以返回有效问卷的492名社区居民为调查对象。结果:492名社区居民中,≥60岁者、离异/丧偶者和退休人员不愿意接种新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的比例较高,485名(98.6%)社区居民听说过新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗,从互联网渠道(微信、微博、知乎等)获知的有428名(87.0%)。社区居民愿意接种新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的主要原因是认为接种疫苗是有效的防治措施(85.0%)和能够保护他人不受感染(66.9%),不愿意接种的主要原因是对疫苗的副作用和安全性有顾虑(46.8%)。结论:社区卫生服务中心应针对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的相关情况进行宣教,采取线上、线下相结合的宣传方式让社区居民了解新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗,提升他们的接种意愿。在国家相关部门努力研发新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的同时,科学认识疫苗原理及注意事项是民众正确评价、看待疫苗接种问题的关键所在。

Objective:To understand the awareness,willingness and related reasons of community residents in Maogang Community,Songjiang District,Shanghai about the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine,and provide a reference for the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination prevention and control plan.Methods:From December 2020 to January 2021,the community residents were surveyed by a combination of posting the QR code of the questionnaire in the community health service center of Maogang Community,Songjiang District,Shanghai and sharing the QR code of the questionnaire in the WeChat group of patients.Four hundred and ninety-two community residents who returned valid questionnaires were the subjects of the survey.Results:Among the 492 community residents,those aged 60 or above,divorced/widowed,and retirees had higher proportions,who were unwilling to receive the COVID-19 vaccine,485(98.6%)community residents had heard of the COVID-19 vaccine,and 428(87.0%)learned from the internet(WeChat,Weibo,Zhihu,etc.).The main reason for community residents’willingness to vaccinate the COVID19 vaccine was that vaccination was an effective prevention measure(85.0%)and could protect others from infection(66.9%),and the main reason for unwillingness to vaccinate was the side effects and the concerning of the vaccine safety(46.8%).Conclusion:Community health service centers should conduct publicity and education on the COVID-19 vaccine,and adopt a combination of online and offline publicity methods to let community residents understand the COVID-19 vaccine and increase their willingness to vaccinate.Relevant national departments are trying their best to develop COVID-19 vaccine,and at the same time,scientific understanding of vaccine principles and precautions is also the key to the public’s correct evaluation and view of vaccination issues.