互联网医疗发展现况与展望

Current situation and prospect of internet medicine development

互联网医疗不是一个法律概念,我国现行的医事法律制度主要围绕诊疗活动及其参与方的主体资质开展规制,本文聚焦互联网医疗商业场景中患者端(C端)围绕诊疗活动这一核心合法要素展开的几种商业模式:互联网医疗平台提供的在线健康咨询问诊、互联网医院提供的互联网诊疗活动、部分适用于诊疗场景的医疗人工智能(AI)产品。本文概述3类商业模式的发展现况;分析其发展中的主要问题,包括在线问诊行为的法律属性认定、互联网医院发展的困境、样本数据量不足对医疗AI发展的影响、监管难对互联网医疗发展的反向制约等。互联网医疗的进一步发展需要在保证医疗安全的前提下进一步放宽互联网诊疗范围,这需要在监管体系进一步完善的基础上,须构建切实可行的互联网医疗风险预警与监督管理机制。

Internet medicine is not a concept of jurisprudence.China's current medical law system mainly focuses on main qualifications of the participants who conduct diagnosis and treatment.This paper focuses on several business models of the core element(diagnosis and treatment)in internet medicine,namely:online health consultation provided by internet medical platform,online diagnosis and treatment by internet hospital,and certain artificial intelligence(AI)medicine products that are specialized for diagnosis and treatment.This paper summarizes the development of these three business models,and analyzes the main problems in their development,including the legitimacy identification of online consultation,the dilemma of the development of internet hospitals,the impact of insufficient sample data on the development of medical AI,and the reverse restriction of regulatory difficulties to the development of internet medicine.The next step of developing internet medicine is to broaden the scope of internet diagnosis and treatment on the premise of medical safety,which will be based on the improvement of current regulatory system.It is urgent to build early risk warning system and supervision/management mechanism for internet medicine.