黑龙江省粳稻品种稻瘟病主效抗性基因鉴定与抗性评价

Identification of Major Resistance Genes and Resistance Evaluation to Rice Blast in Japonica Rice Varieties in Heilongjiang Province

为明确黑龙江省粳稻品种中稻瘟病抗性基因的类型、评价品种及抗瘟基因利用价值,利用8个已克隆主效抗性基因Pita、Pia、Piz-t、Pib、Pikm、Pi9、Pii和Pid3的特异性分子标记,结合402个黑龙江省各稻区的菌株接种供试品种的抗性表型,对20个黑龙江省粳稻品种的抗性基因型及抗病性进行分析。结果显示,Pia检出率最高,20个粳稻品种均检测到该基因,其次是Pita和Piz-t,检出率为80%;Pia、Pita、Piz-t、Pikm和Pi9在不同生态型品种育种中得到了较为广泛的应用,Pib、Pii和Pid3在不同生态类型品种间分布存在差异,仅在第1积温带的品种中发挥较好作用;唯一携带Pid3且具有Pita+Pia+Piz-t+Pib+Pii+Pid3基因型的龙洋16抗性表现最好,抗性频率高达93%;携带Pita+Pia+Piz-t基因组合的品种均表现出较好的抗病性,对黑龙江省粳稻品种的抗瘟贡献较大。揭示了黑龙江省20个粳稻品种的稻瘟病主效抗性基因类型及其对稻瘟病抗性的贡献,为寒地水稻种质资源的抗病性筛选和广谱抗病基因的利用提供重要依据。

In order to clarify the patterns of rice blast resistance genes in the japonica rice varieties in Heilongjiang province and evaluate the utilization value of varieties and the blast resistance genes, this study used specific molecular markers of eight cloned major resistance genes of Pita, Pia, Piz-t, Pib, Pikm, Pi9, Pii, and Pid3, combined with the resistance phenotypes identification of tested varieties inoculated with 402 strains from various rice regions in Heilongjiang, the genotypes and disease resistance of 20 japonica rice varieties in Heilongjiang were analyzed. The results showed that the detection frequency of Pia was the highest, the gene was detected in 20 japonica rice varieties, followed by Pita and Piz-t with detection frequency of 80%;Pia, Pita, Piz-t, Pikm and Pi9 were widely used in the breeding of different ecotype varieties, Pib, Pii, and Pid3 had different distributions among different ecotype varieties, and they only played a good role in varieties suitable for planting in the first accumulated temperature zone;Longyang 16, the only variety carrying Pid3 and having Pita+Pia+Piz-t+Pib+Pii+Pid3 genotype showed the best resistance, and the resistance frequency was 93%. The varieties carrying Pita+Pia+Piz-t gene combinations showed the good disease resistance and made a significant contribution to the blast resistance of japonica rice varieties in Heilongjiang. This study revealed the major blast resistance genetypes of 20 japonica rice varieties in Heilongjiang and their contribution to rice blast resistance, which provided an important basis for disease resistance screening of rice germplasm resources in cold regions and utilization of broad-spectrum resistance genes.