摘要
针对松嫩平原西部半干旱区施肥方式单一、养分管理失衡等限制玉米丰产优质高效的问题,以先玉335为材料,设置5个喷施硅肥处理,分别为0(LCK)、4(LS1)、8(LS2)、12(LS3)和16g/L(LS4),研究叶面喷施不同浓度硅肥对玉米干物质积累和转运及籽粒产量品质的影响。结果表明,喷施硅肥对植株干物质积累均有促进作用,其中LS3与LCK相比,显著增加花前营养体干物质转运量267.00kg/hm^(2),且2年的产量均最高(11 485.68和12 331.69kg/hm^(2))。随硅肥浓度的增加,玉米籽粒粗淀粉、粗蛋白、果糖、氮和钾含量显著增加,较LCK的增幅分别为1.88%~2.56%、5.64%~8.22%、20.00%~41.18%、6.56%~8.56%和11.57%~38.84%。综上所述,叶面喷施8和12g/L硅肥可实现玉米产量和品质的协同提高,可作为松嫩平原西部半干旱区叶面硅肥施用的最佳水平。
Due to the simple fertilization method and unbalanced nutrient management for maize production in the western Songnen Plain of China, the improvements of maize grain yield, quality, and production efficiency are restricted. To solve these problems, maize variety ‘Xianyu 335’ was used as material and five levels of silicon fertilizer, 0(LCK), 4(LS1), 8(LS2), 12(LS3), and 16 g/L(LS4), were set up under field conditions to study the effects of foliar spraying silicon fertilizer with different concentrations on the dry matter accumulation and translocation, and grain yield and quality of maize. The results showed that foliar spraying of silicon fertilizer had a promoting effect on the accumulation of plant dry matter. LS3 significantly increased the dry matter translocation of dry matter accumulation prior to anthesis by 267.00 kg/ha and had the highest yield in two years(11 485.68 and 12 331.69 kg/ha). In addition, with the increase of silicon fertilizer concentration, the contents of crude starch, crude protein, fructose sugar, nitrogen, and potassium of maize grain increased significantly. Compared with LCK, the increase ratios of four silicon fertilizer treatments were 1.88%-2.56%, 5.64%-8.22%, 20.00%-41.18%, 6.56%-8.56%, and 11.57%-38.84%, respectively. Generally, 8 and 12 g/L foliar silicon fertilizer could achieve the synergistic improvement of maize grain yield and quality, and could be used as the levels of foliar silicon fertilizer in the semi-arid area of the western Songnen Plain.
作者
刘天昊
张翼飞
王怀鹏
杨克军
张津松
孙逸珊
肖珊珊
徐荣琼
杜嘉瑞
李佳宇
彭程
王宝生
Liu Tianhao;Zhang Yifei;Wang Huaipeng;Yang Kejun;Zhang Jinsong;Sun Yishan;Xiao Shanshan;Xu Rongqiong;Du Jiarui;Li Jiayu;Peng Cheng;Wang Baosheng(College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang,China;Provincial Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for the Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang,China;Qixingpao Farm in Heilongjiang Province,Heihe 161435,Heilongjiang,China;Heshan Farm in Heilongjiang Province,Heihe 161443,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2021年第4期112-117,共6页
Crops
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300302-04,2018YFD0300101-07)
黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2019C051)
黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划(GA20B102)
黑龙江省农垦总局科技计划(HKKY190204-01,2019HKQNJT G0012)
高校学成引进人才计划科研启动计划(XYB2014-03)。
关键词
玉米
叶面硅肥
干物质积累
产量和品质
Maize
Foliar spraying silicon fertilizer
Dry matter accumulation
Yield and quality