烤烟膜下小苗移栽育苗盘规格优选研究

Optimal Specification of Tobacco Seedling Tray for Small Seedling Transplanting under Plastic Film

为了探索烤烟育苗盘规格的关键参数,达到减工降本增效目的,在四川凉山烟区进行了膜下小苗移栽育苗盘规格优选试验。以常规育苗盘(160孔)为对照(CK),对6种规格育苗盘(改良160、209、286、338、504和595孔)进行比较研究。结果表明,出苗率与育苗盘深,成苗的根干重、茎叶干重、整株干重和育苗成本与育苗盘的穴面积呈直线回归关系,模型的决定系数R2分别为0.63、0.92、0.89、0.92和0.89。成苗的茎高、根干重、茎叶干重、整株干重和育苗成本等指标与育苗盘的穴面积呈线性相关关系,相关系数r^(2)分别为-0.79、0.96、0.95、0.96、0.94。出苗率、成苗的苗高达标率、茎高达标率、真叶数达标率、壮苗率与盘深呈线性相关关系,相关系数r^(2)分别为0.79、-0.42、-0.51、-0.52、-0.49,均达到0.05显著水平。综合考虑,育苗盘的穴面积、烟苗密度和深度是选取育苗盘的关键参数。根据结果和回归方程,建议育苗盘深度在4.0~5.0cm之间,穴面积在6~10cm^(2)之间,烟苗密度在120~160株/m^(2)之间。符合该推荐的育苗盘有286和338孔。

A comparative study on various specifications of seedling trays for small seedling transplanting under plastic film was carried out in the Liangshan tobacco region to identify some key factors of tobacco seedling trays for cost-saving and producing proper seedlings. Six specifications of trays(modified 160, 209, 286, 338, 504, and 595 holes) were selected to test with a regular tray(160 holes) as CK. The results showed that emergence rate and tray depth, root dry weight, plant dry weight, stem and leaf dry weight, seedling cost and hole area whose determine coefficient(R^(2)) were 0.63, 0.92, 0.89, 0.92 and 0.89, respectively. The indexes of seedling depth, root dry weight, stem and leaf dry weight, plant dry weight and seedling cost were linearly related to hole area, the correlation coefficient(r^(2)) were-0.79, 0.96, 0.95, 0.96, 0.94. Emergence rate, seedling height compliance rate, stem height compliance rate, leaf number compliance rate, strong seedling rate showed linear correlation with tray depth, r^(2) were 0.79,-0.42,-0.51,-0.52,-0.49(P<0.05). In consideration, hole area, plant density and tray depth were the key indexes to select seedling tray. According to the test results and the regression equation, it was recommended that tray depth was 4.0-5.0 cm, hole area was 6-10 cm^(2), plant density was 120-160 plants/m^(2). The recommended seedling trays were 286 and 338 holes.