1993~2018年新密市恶性肿瘤死亡监测分析

Analysis on surveillance of malignant tumor deaths, Xinmi city,1993-2018

目的了解新密市因恶性肿瘤死亡的各主要病种死亡率趋势,为相关部门制定相应对策和方略提供依据。方法自1993年起,市、乡、村建立一套完善的人口死因报告系统,运用Excel 2016和SPSS18.0软件对各年度的死因监测数据进行整理和分析。结果 1993~2018年恶性肿瘤共死亡14 497例,占26年总死亡人口109 305例的13.26%;年度恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为54.31/10万~92.94/10万,年均粗死亡率为69.18/10万,粗死亡率由1993年的68.77/10万上升到2018年的92.94/10万,年递增率为1.16%,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);以肺癌和肝癌为最多,分别占28.34%和18.24%,其他依次是胃癌(13.40%)、白血病(8.38%)、食管癌(7.60%)、肠癌(4.12%)、子宫癌(3.66%)、脑瘤(2.99%)和乳腺癌(2.55%)。恶性肿瘤死亡男性(9 551例、占65.88%)多于女性(4 946例、占34.12%),男女性死亡比为1.93∶1。恶性肿瘤死亡人口平均期望寿命为67.42岁,低于全人口72.69岁的平均期望寿命5.27岁,各年度的平均期望寿命为64.57~69.89岁,且有逐年稍微增高之趋势,由1993年的67.21岁增加到2018年的69.04岁,年均净增0.10岁。结论新密市经过长达26年的连续监测,因恶性肿瘤的死亡比率呈逐年增长趋势,位居十大死因的第3位。

Objective To understand the mortality trend of each major disease in Xinmi city due to malignant tumor, so as to provide the basis for relevant departments to make corresponding countermeasures and strategies. Methods Since 1993,the city, township and village have established a complete set of population cause of death reporting system, using Excel 2016 and SPSS 18.0 software to sort out and analyze the annual cause of death monitoring data. Results From 1993 to 2018,a total of 14 497 malignant tumors deaths were reported, accounting for 13.26% of the total 109 305 deaths in 26 years.The annual crude death rate of malignant tumors was 54.31/105-92.94/105,and the annual crude death rate was 69.18/105.The crude death rate increased from 68.77/105 in 1993 to 92.94/105 in 2018,with an annual increase rate of 1.16%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Lung cancer and liver cancer were the most common, accounting for 28.34% and 18.24% respectively, followed by gastric cancer(13.40%),leukemia(8.38%),esophageal cancer(7.60%),colorectal cancer(4.12%),uterine cancer(3.66%),brain tumor(2.99%) and breast cancer(2.55%).More males(9 551 cases, 65.88%) died from malignant tumor than females(4 946 cases, 34.12%),and the male-to-female mortality ratio was 1.93∶1.The average life expectancy of malignant tumor deaths was 67.42 years, lower than the average life expectancy of 72.69 years of the whole population, which was 5.27 years.The average life expectancy of each year was between 64.57 and 69.89 years, with a slightly increasing trend year by year, from 67.21 years in 1993 to 69.04 years in 2018,with an average annual net increase of 0.10 years. Conclusion After 26 years of continuous monitoring, the death rate of malignant tumors in Xinmi city has been increasing year by year, ranking the third among the top 10 causes of death.