米斯尔银行与埃及经济民族主义的构建(1920〜1939年)

Bank Misr and the Building of Egyptian Economic Nationalism(1920-1939)

1920年,由埃及著名实业家塔拉特·哈伯创立的米斯尔银行是两次世界大战之间在埃及诞生的重要经济机构。其初衷是利用银行资本创造新产业,实现埃及经济的独立发展和多样化。米斯尔银行是在埃及融入世界市场、经济发展进入新时期和塔拉特·哈伯民族主义思想形成背景下建立的。它的经济金融发展实践是构建埃及经济民族主义的历史尝试。米斯尔银行发展“超政治性”的历史悖论、埃及社会阶级结构的变化以及塔拉特.哈伯经济民族主义的理想化,导致米斯尔银行出现发展性危机。在塔拉特·哈伯领导下的米斯尔银行虽未能实现其最初目标,但其倡导的埃及经济民族主义实践在推动埃及经济独立、发挥国家在经济发展中的重要作用以及在促进阿拉伯国家经济发展等方面取得了一定成效。

Bank Misr,an important economic institution in Egypt between the two World Wars(1920—1939),was established in 1920 by the famous Egyptian entrepreneur,Tal'at Harb,who aimed to utilize bank capital to create new industries and realize the independence and diversification of economy.Bank Misr was built under the background that Tal'at Harb's nationalism came into being,when Egypt entered the world market and when its economy stepped in a new era.The financial practice of the bank is a historical attempt to construct Egyptian economic nationalism.Bank Misr developed the history paradox of“super politics”,leading it to the developmental crisis.Though Bank Misr couldn't realize Tal'at Harb's primary goals,its initiated practice of Egyptian economic nationalism played an important role in driving the independence of Egyptian economy and establishing the position of the country in economic development and developing economy in Arab countries.