美国大学生公民责任教育的主要举措及启示

Main Measures and Enlightenment of American College Students’Civic Responsibility Education

美国的大学生公民责任教育,作为公民教育的重要环节,已经日渐成熟,形成了鲜明特色。其主要举措是:第一,开展包括通识教育、顶点课程在内的多种课程教育,使大学生对公民责任有更清晰的理性认知;第二,开展社区服务学习,用体验式活动促进大学生公民责任行动,以提升大学生的公民责任践行能力;第三,辅以宗教隐性力量以强化大学生的公民责任感。我们可以从美国大学生公民责任教育中得到一些教育启示:多主体参与共同构建公民责任教育体系,使大学生公民责任教育体系有机融入社会治理;学校要运用多种方法,尤其要注重理论联系实际,以解决实际问题为导向提升大学生公民责任感。

Civic Education in the United States starts early,among which civic responsibility education for college students has formed its own educational characteristics.The main measures of civic responsibility education for American college students are:first,to carry out a variety of curriculum education,including general education and apex curriculum,so that college students have a clearer rational understanding of civic responsibility;secondly,to should carry out community service learning and promote college students’civic responsibility action with experiential activities,so as to improve their civic responsibility practice ability;third,to strengthen the sense of civic responsibility of college students by the potential assisting power of religion.The enlightenment of American college students’civic responsibility education is to establish a perfect civic responsibility education system with multi-subjects participation,so that the civic responsibility education system for college students can be organically integrated into social governance.And schools should use a variety of methods,especially pay attention to the combination of theory and practice to improve the sense of civic responsibility of college students by solving practical problems.