“学堂乐歌”最早流行的伴奏法——“沈心工伴奏法”考释

The Earliest Popular Accompaniment Method of“School Music”——Research on Shen Xingong’s Accompaniment Method

“学堂乐歌”时期基本是唱歌教学,因此也涉及伴奏问题。考证“学堂乐歌”时期最早的伴奏形式可知是“单音伴奏法”即“唱奏一致”伴奏法,这不仅是“学堂乐歌”时期最著名的音乐教师沈心工使用的伴奏方法,也是“学堂乐歌”时期普遍使用的伴奏法,甚至正是因为沈心工的使用而流行。“学堂乐歌”时期普遍使用的伴奏法——“沈心工伴奏法”流行的更深层的原因是因其源自我国传统音乐伴奏,体现的是中国线性音乐思维。尽管这种伴奏法十分简单,但这种伴奏法即便在流行全世界的德国奥尔夫教学法中也很常用,站在普通音乐教育角度看,即便当下的中国音乐课堂,“沈心工伴奏法”也仍然有其运用价值。

The period of“school music”is basically singing teaching,so it also involves the problem of accompaniment.Unfortunately,the study of accompaniment in the period of“school music”has been almost ignored.By researching the earliest accompaniment form in the period of“school music”,we can know that it is“monophonic accompaniment method”,that is,“singing and playing in concert”accompaniment method,which is not only the accompaniment method used by Shen Xingong,the most famous music teacher in the period of“school music”,but also the accompaniment method commonly used in the period of“school music”,and even popular because of Shen Xingong’s use.But the deeper reason for the popularity of this accompaniment method is that it originates from the traditional music accompaniment of our country and embodies the Chinese linear music thinking.Although this accompaniment method is very simple,it is very common even in the German Orff teaching method which is popular all over the world.From the perspective of general music education,“Shen Xingong accompaniment method”still has its application value even in the current Chinese music classroom.