Salen-金属络合物型聚磷腈在环氧树脂中的阻燃性能

Flame retardant property of Salen-metal complex polyphosphazenes in epoxy resin

为了降低环氧树脂(EP)的火灾风险,采用缩聚法制备了三种新型的Salen-金属络合物型聚磷腈Salen-PZN-M(M=Ni,Zn,Cu).利用红外光谱(FTIR),电镜(SEM),X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对Salen-PZN-M的结构和形貌进行了表征;利用热重分析法(TGA)、锥形量热仪(CCT)表征了复合材料的热稳定性和燃烧性能;利用热重红外分析光谱(TG-FTIR)、SEM、拉曼测试(LRS)、FTIR分析了Salen-PZN-M/EP的阻燃机理.TGA结果表明当添加质量分数为5%的Salen-PZN-M时,不同的配位金属对复合材料有不同的影响.在锥形量热试验中,掺有质量分数为5%的Salen-PZN-M的阻燃EP的总热释放量(PHRR)、总烟释放量(TSP)与有毒CO气体的释放量相比纯EP分别最大降低了20.41%、37%和16.93%.TG-FTIR结果表明,Salen-PZN-M可以减少有害气体的形成.Salen-PZN-M的阻燃机理可能是气相猝灭、不可燃气体释放、协同催化碳化效应和极热稳定组分的形成.

In order to reduce the fire risk of epoxy resin(EP),three new types of Salen-metal complex polyphosphazene Salen-PZN-M(M=Ni,Zn,Cu)was prepared by condensation polymerization.The structure and morphology of Salen-PZN-M were characterized by infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and conical calorimeter(CCT)were used to characterize the thermal stability and combustion performance of the composite.The flame retardant mechanism of Salen-PZN-M/EP was analyzed by TG-FTIR,SEM,Raman test(LRS)and FTIR.TGA results showed that when Salen-PZN-M(mass fraction 5%)was added,different coordination metals had different effects on the composite.In the conical calorimetric test,the total heat release(PHRR)and total smoke release(TSP)of flame-retardant EP mixed with Salen-PZN-M(mass fraction 5%)were reduced by 20.41%,37%and 16.93%,respectively,compared with the release of toxic CO gas.TG-FTIR results showed that Salen-PZN-M could reduce the formation of harmful gases.The flame retardant mechanism of Salen-PZN-M may be gas phase quenching,non-flammable gas release,synergistic catalytic carbonization effect and formation of extremely thermal stable components.