运动与雄激素性秃发病情变化的关系

Relationship between the exercise and severity of androgenic alopecia

目的:雄激素性秃发(androgenic alopecia,AGA)是临床最常见的秃发类型。目前对AGA的研究大多集中在药物、激光技术、毛发移植等治疗方法上,对可能会延缓AGA病程、改善病情的生活性因素却有所忽视。本研究探讨运动方式及运动量与AGA病情变化的关系,以期为AGA患者选择合适的运动方式和运动量提供参考。方法:以2020年5月13日至8月25日期间确诊为AGA的患者作为调查对象。通过互联网线上问卷调查获取人口学、运动方式(生活类运动、伸展运动、有氧运动、无氧运动)、运动频率(0~2次/周、3~4次/周、5~7次/周)、运动时长(<30、30~60、>60 min/次)、家族史(雄激素性秃发、斑秃、瘢痕性脱发等)信息。采取患者自我评估和医生通过照片评估相结合的方式评价运动6个月后病情的变化(改善、加重、自然进程)。采用单因素分析和logistic回归分析研究与运动前后病情变化有关的因素。结果:共纳入592例AGA患者,其中男215例(36.32%),女377例(63.68%);运动6个月后病情改善91例(15.37%),处于自然进程448例(75.68%),加重53例(8.95%)。进行非生活类运动的AGA患者共439人,运动6个月后,137例(31.21%)患者自觉头皮瘙痒、脱屑减轻,65例(14.81%)自觉头皮油腻减轻,204例(46.47%)自觉焦虑、抑郁症状较前改善,356例(81.10%)自觉睡眠质量较前提高。运动前后病情变化与运动方式(P<0.001)、运动频率(P=0.033)、运动时长(P=0.044)有关,与性别(P=0.358)和家族史(P=0.052)无关。进行有氧运动的AGA患者改善病情的程度是仅进行生活类运动患者的5.416倍(OR=5.416,P<0.001);每次运动时间>60 min的AGA患者病情的改善程度是每次运动时间<30 min患者的3.106倍(OR=3.106,P=0.009)。结论:有氧运动、每次运动时间>60 min有助于延缓AGA进展,改善病情。

Objective: Androgenic alopecia(AGA) is the most common type of alopecia. At present,the study on AGA mostly focuses on drugs, laser technology and hair transplantation, while the lifestyle factor that may delay the course of AGA and improve the condition of AGA is neglected. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the exercise and severity of androgenic alopecia, and to help AGA patients to choose suitable forms and amounts of exercise.Methods: Patients, who were diagnosed with AGA from May 13, 2020 to August 25, 2020,were the subjects of the survey. Through the internet online questionnaire survey, the information regarding demographics, exercise forms(lifestyle exercises, stretching exercises, aerobic exercises, and anaerobic exercises), exercise frequency(0-2 times/week,3-4 times/week, and 5-7 times/week), exercise duration(<30, 30-60, and >60 min/time),and family history(androgenic alopecia, alopecia areata, and scarring alopecia) was obtained. Combination of patient self-assessment and doctor’ s photo examination was used to evaluate the changes(improvement, aggravation, and natural course) of the condition after 6 months of exercise. Single factor analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to study the factors related to the changes before and after exercise.Results: A total of 592 AGA patients were recruited. Among them, 215 were male patients(36.32%), and 377 were female patients(63.68%);91 patients(15.37%) were improved after 6 months of exercise, 448 patients(75.68%) were in natural progress, and 53 patients(8.95%) were aggravated. A total of 439 AGA patients were involved in non-life sports.After 6 months of exercise, 137 patients(31.21%) with scalp itching and scaling were reduced, 65 patients(14.81%) with greasy scalp was reduced, and 204 patients(46.47%)with anxiety and depression symptoms were improved compared with the previous period,and 356 patients(81.10%) showed that their sleep quality was improved compared with before. The changes in the condition before and after exercise are related to exercise style(P<0.001), exercise frequency(P=0.033), exercise duration(P=0.044), but not related to gender(P=0.358) and family history(P=0.052). The degree of improvement in AGA patients, who performed aerobic exercise, was 5.416 times of those who only performed life-like exercises(OR=5.416, P<0.001);the degree of improvement in AGA patients with each exercise time >60 min was 3.106 times of those with each exercise time <30 min(OR=3.106, P=0009).Conclusion: Doing aerobic exercise or each exercise time >60 min helps to delay the progress of AGA and improve the symptom of AGA.